Noninvasive optical imaging in the sensorimotor cortex in newborn infants.

应用多道近红外光谱仪(NIRS)对新生儿在镇静睡眠下被动活动膝、肘的感觉运动皮质进行功能成像。对侧膝关节和肘部运动导致所有婴儿感觉运动区各部位氧合血红蛋白和总血红蛋白浓度较基线值显著升高。同侧膝关节和肘关节运动时，[OxHb]变化较小，分别相当于对侧刺激变化的±23%和66±28%。对侧膝关节刺激的平均时间为16.1±3.3秒，对侧肘刺激的平均时间为17.9±5.7秒。在对侧和同侧膝关节刺激或肘关节刺激时，对侧和同侧膝关节和肘关节最大变化对应的平均时间没有统计学意义。本研究表明，即使是在镇静状态下睡眠的新生儿，也可以成像和评估被动运动刺激对膝关节和肘关节感觉运动区功能的反应。由多通道近红外光谱获得的数据应该有助于了解大脑发育区域的病理生理学以及在不同临床情况下大脑对损伤的反应。

Multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used for functional imaging of the sensorimotor cortex of newborn infants during passive knee and elbow movement under sedated sleep. Contralateral knee and elbow movement caused a marked increase in concentration of oxyhemoglobin [oxyHb] and total hemoglobin [totalHb] from the baseline values at locations in the sensorimotor area of all infants. During ipsilateral knee and elbow movement, [oxyHb] showed slighter changes, equivalent to 64±23 % and 66±28% of the changes that occurred with contralateral stimulation, respectively. The mean times corresponding to maximal changes in [oxyHb] were 16.1 ± 3.3 sec for contralateral knee stimulus, 17.9±5.7 sec for contralateral elbow stimulus, respectively. The mean time corresponding to maximal changes in [oxyHb] were not statistically significant between during contralateral and ipsilateral knee stimulus or elbow stimulus.This study has shown that sensorimotor area function in response to passive motor stimulation of the knee and elbow joint can be imaged and evaluated even in newborn infants during sleep under sedation. Data obtained by multi-channel NIRS should be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of the developing regional brain and the brain's response to damage in various clinical situations.