New optical brain imaging in infants by using near-infrared diffuse optical tomography

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An optical 3D imaging method using near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (NIR DOT) to estimate the regional light scattering and absorption properties in infants has been developed. The NIR DOT system is consisted of 16 source-detector fibers, pulsed diode lasers operating at the wavelengths of 759 and 835 nm and time correlated single photon counting units. The image reconstruction algorithm is based on the modified generalized pulsed spectral technique. The time-resolved data were used to estimate for concentration of oxyHb and deoxyHb.DOT was measured in an infant on 29 days after birth, whose gestational age and birth weight was 23 weeks and 658g, assisted by an artificial respirator. Informed consent in writing was obtained from the parents, and the study was approved by the local ethics committee.The data under two different state, (A) normocapnea and (B) hypocapnea induced by hyperventilation, were obtained. DOT images showed the Hb concentrations obtained at the state (B) subtracted by (A). The results showed that the total Hb concentration in the most parts of the brain decreased, reflecting the decrease in cerebral blood flow, especially white matter regions. The results demonstrated that NIR DOT is capable of reconstructing the images of Hb concentration with a high spatial resolution in infants at the bedside.