Analysis of expression pattern of fibrocartilage with a view to promoting regenerative medicine of temporomandibular joint

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Regenerative medicine of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most important subjects in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. In order to provide a basis of therapeutic application of TMJ cartilage regeneration, we have investigated in the following projects.(1)Basic study to prepare a chondrocyte proliferation medium : In this project, we used cartilage cells derived from the cartilage of the nasal septum and the remnant auricular cartilage. We have aimed to prepare a chondrocyte proliferation medium that i)does not contain fetal bovine serum (FBS), ii)provides more than a 1000-fold increase in cell numbers, and iii)makes use of a combination of commercially available growth factors that has been proven to be effective for clinical use. As a result, a combination of FGF-2, insulin, and IGF- 1 synergistically enhanced the proliferation. Furthermore, we showed that a combination of BMP-2, insulin, and PTH possessed promotional effects on proliferation of hypertrophic … More differentiation of chondrocyte. Finally, we evaluated the property of the scaffold using some kinds of hydro-gel on cartilage regeneration.(2)Understanding the molecular mechanism of chondrocyte differentiation : We have investigated a novel role of CGK II in hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes and a critical function of Cdk 6 as a negative regulator of differentiation of osteoblast, osteoclast and chonrocyte. As a result, CGK II, a molecular switch, coupled the cessation of proliferation and the start of hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes through attenuation of Sox 9 function. Cdk 6 was a critical regulator of BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation by Smads-mediated down-regulation and, RAW cells overexpressing Cdk 6 resisted RANKL-induced osteoclastgenesis ; however, cell cycle regulation was not affected by the levels of Cdk 6 overexpression. In conclusion, we have demonstrated in vitro evidence of the importance of these molecules in proliferation and differentiation of bone tissue. Less