Developing teaching materials to improve quality of life for patients who have undergone gastrectomy

本研究的目的是开发和评估指导胃切除术后患者生活质量提高的教材。为了澄清他们所存在的问题，在获得知情同意后，对14名接受胃切除的患者进行了访谈。数据采用内容分析的方法进行分析，数据显示患者存在四种类型的问题：身体问题、饮食问题、心理问题和支持问题。更详细地，他们指出的问题包括：体重不增加，贫血，便秘和腹泻，进食量，进餐时间短，担心复发，对自我照顾缺乏信心，缺乏支持。这些结果表明，生活指导的重要组成部分应该包括关于术后身体问题和如何处理这些问题的信息、饮食信息、日常生活中需要记住的要点、药物信息和鼓励定期健康检查。为了有效地教授这些内容，我们开发了一份传单、一本小册子和一个互联网主页。采用自行研制的教材对20例胃切除术后患者进行生活指导，并进行问卷调查，问卷调查结果显示，编写的教材效果良好，尤其是在自我护理和饮食管理的自信心方面，可以更广泛地应用于生活指导和提高生活质量。

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate teaching materials for guidance for living to raise QOL (Quality of Life) for patients who have undergone gastrectomy. To clarify the problems that they had, fourteen patients who had undergone gastrectomy, were interviewed after informed consent was obtained. The data were analyzed using Content Analysis.The data indicated that the patients had four types of problems : physical problems, dietary problems, psychological problems, and support problems. In more detail the problems, they indicated included : body weight does not increase, anemia, constipation and diarrhea, quantity of meal, meal time is short, anxious about a recurrence, lack of confidence about self-care, lack of support. These results suggest that important components of guidance for living should include information about post-operative physical problems and how to cope with them, dietary information, points to keep in mind about everyday life, information about medication, and encouragement to have regular health checks.In order to teach this content effectively, we developed a leaflet, a booklet, and an Internet homepage. We carried out guidance for living for twenty patients who had undergone gastrectomy using the teaching materials which we developed, and conducted a questionnaire survey.The results of the questionnaire survey showed that the teaching materials we developed were effective, particularly with regard to confidence about self-care and dietary management, and could be used more extensively to provide guidance for living and to raise QOL.