Development of a longitudinal analysis method on the occurrences of errors and incidences during practical training in nursing.

本研究采用纵向研究的方法，收集护理实训过程中的差错发生情况和发生情况。通过对病例进行分析，并利用流行病学方法计算累计错误和事件发生率，为此目的设计了文本模式的信息表和培训轮转表的输入格式，并新开发了统计累积事件的SAS程序；通过描述流行病学分析，新错误和事件在培训课程中的分布不均匀。在培训开始后的一两个月内，我们观察到了事件的高峰期。然后，出现的次数逐渐减少，再次观察到出现的中等高峰。这次，我们使用计算机程序进行计算。使用MS Excel的纸质表格或电子表格也可以进行同样的计数。通过我们的方法，每个护理学校都可以监测差错的发生，查询差错和发生率波动的原因，如果我们收集了大量的病例，就可以应用差错科学发展起来的定量分析方法。我们也许能够在训练中区分出一些结构性因素。我们收集的病例是学习预防不良事件的很好的材料。

In this research, we collected the information of occurrences of errors and incidences during practical training in nursing through longitudinal method. We analyzed the cases and also using epidemiological method, we calculated the cumulative incidences of errors and incidences.For this objective, we designed the input format of information sheet and training rotation tables in text mode and newly developed a SAS program for calculating the cumulative incidences.By the analysis of descriptive epidemiology, the new occurrences of errors and incidences were not evenly distributed through training course. Within one or two months just after the training started, we observed the peak of occurrences. Then gradually the occurrences decreased, and again the medium peak of occurrences were observed.This time, we used the computer programmes for calculation. Using paper sheet or spread sheet of Ms Excel the same counting is possible. By our method, each nursing school could monitor the occurrences and inquire the cause of fluctuations of errors and incidences.If we collect amount of cases, we can apply a quantitative analytic method developed through error sciences. We might be able to distinguish some structural factors in training. The cased we collected are good materials for learning the prevention of adverse events.