International Comparative Study on the Building of Collaboration in Community Business

为准备英国的调查，通过对欧洲前人研究的批判性回顾，以及国内社区企业和地区组织、意大利社会合作联盟和中国非营利组织对现状的把握，进行了理论框架的构建等海外案例研究。2004年2月27日- 3月12日，主要对英国社会企业实施听证调查。通过调查，英国社会企业的财务基础、政府结构、组织构成、与政府和企业的伙伴关系，可以厘清社会企业在英国志愿部门的定位。2004年11月，主要在意大利特伦特市对社会合作联盟及相关团体进行了听证调查。社会合作工会通过这种方式在当地社区形成了什么样的网络，更有可能了解它是否在为劳动力市场和社会上被排斥的人做插入（工作整合）业务。此外，在社会服务局志愿服务中心与特伦特市的听证会中，也可以在社会合作联盟与行政政策的关系、社会合作联盟与其他志愿组织的分工关系等方面获得不断的认识。以具体理想的合作方式为中心，同时合作的区域被称为特伦特，就有可能获得最大的收获。同时，它在伦敦进行了调查，对英国社会企业进行了额外的听证调查。由于许多与合作社有关的因素在听证会上做了强有力的利益相关者多类型的社会企业，并且由于有社会企业的社会企业类型，在前一年的英国社会企业调查中可以了解到英国社会企业的种类繁多。通过这一研究可以了解到，社会企业是被各国的制度背景和社会基础深深嵌入其中的。首先，意大利的社会合作社联盟与注重市场竞争的英国社会企业有着密切的联系，是一种具有鲜明对比的社会企业。少

To prepare British investigation, it did overseas case research such as the building of a theoretical frame through the critical reviewing of the preceding research in the Europe, the present situation grasping by the domestic community business and the area organization, the social cooperative union in Italy and the not-for-profit organization in China.February 27th, 2004 - March 12nd, it mainly implemented hearing investigation for the British social enterprise.Through the investigation, the financial basis, the government structure, the organization composition in the British social enterprise, the partnership relation with the government and the company, the placing of a social enterprise in the British voluntary sector could be clarified.It did the hearing investigation of the social cooperative union and the related groups mainly in Trent in Italy in November, 2004. While the social cooperative union formed what network in the local community by this, it was possible to understan … More d whether or not it was doing insertion (work integration) business to the labor market to the excluded people socially.Also, the constant knowledge could be won in the relation between the social cooperative union and the administrative policy, the division relation between the social cooperative union and the other voluntary organization and so on, too, about doing a hearing to the voluntary service center in the society service bureau and Trent city in Trent city, too.It is possible to have drawn the biggest harvest thoroughly by centering on the area where the concrete ideal way of cooperation set meanwhile collaboration is called Trent. Also, it called in at London and it did supplement investigation, additional hearing investigation about the British social enterprise.Because many, the element having to do with a cooperative did the social enterprise of the strong stakeholder multi- type in the hearing and because there are social enterprises of the social business type, the British social enterprise investigation in the previous year could understand the wide variety of the British social enterprise.It was possible to understand that a social enterprise was deeply embedded through this research by the systematic background and the social basis every country.Above all, being of the very contrastive social enterprise, the Italian social cooperative union who is connecting closely to the structure local cooperatism with the British social enterprise which thinks much of the market competition, could be grasped. Less