Inversion tectonics at the northern margin of the North German Basin: Cretaceous to recent reactivation of Triassic normal faults (iTec-NGB)

晚更新世（可能是全新世）地层中的近地表断层位于横跨朗厄兰岛（波罗的海丹麦部分）的东西走向地堑的东部延伸部分，并与三叠纪和白垩纪地层中的深层断层相关。这些断层位于Ringkøbing-Fyn高的突出基底地垒结构之上，该高标志着北德国盆地（NGB）的北方边缘。本项目旨在通过地震解释研究朗厄兰岛以东北方北陆缘的构造演化及其与后二叠纪至现代北陆缘演化的关系。研究区允许调查的早期阶段的盆地形成的伸展和相应的发展盆地边缘正断层在三叠纪，其压缩复活为逆断层在晚白垩世和新生代盆地反转，以及可能的现代构造运动，以及冰后期均衡调整。2020年，在朗厄兰以东收集了27条高分辨率多道反射地震和参数回声测深仪剖面。为了揭示NGB北方边缘复杂的多期演化，必须在构造格架内对这些数据进行处理、解释和讨论。第一个数据实例表明，正断层的复活，边界倾斜的三叠纪块体，逆断层隆起上覆白垩纪地层和刺穿到上覆更新世单位。然而，断层系统的确切轮廓仍然未知。将更多的地震数据纳入解释将提高对断层系统演化的理解，并揭示其确切轮廓及其与Ringkøbing-Fyn High深层结构的联系。断层位移的定量分析需要高质量的速度模型所获得的地震深度剖面。偏移速度模型的建立将通过使用基于衍射提取技术的创新处理流程来实现。该技术利用衍射波阵面属性计算横向变速信息，即使对于短炮检距地震数据也是如此。此外，提取的衍射将有助于识别断层，并提高对断层系统及其几何形状的理解。在生产深度剖面中可见的生长断层将允许量化构造运动的活跃阶段，这将在NGB其他地区和中欧盆地系统相邻子盆地的已知盆地沉降和反转阶段的背景下进行讨论。

Near-surface faults within late Pleistocene, possibly Holocene strata are located in the eastern prolongation of a west-east striking graben across Langeland Island (Danish sector of the Baltic Sea) and correlate with deep-rooted faults within Triassic and Cretaceous strata. These faults are located above a prominent basement horst structure of the Ringkøbing-Fyn High, which marks the northern margin of the North German Basin (NGB). This project strives for investigating the tectonic evolution of the northern NGB margin east of Langeland Island and its relation to the post-Permian to recent evolution of the NGB by means of seismic interpretation. The study area allows investigating the early phases of basin formation dominated by extension and corresponding development of basin margin normal faults during the Triassic, their compressional reactivation as reverse faults during Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic basin inversion, and possible recent tectonic movements as well as post-glacial isostatic adjustments. In 2020, 27 high-resolution multi-channel reflection seismic and parametric echosounder profiles have been collected east of Langeland. To reveal the complex multiphase evolution of the northern NGB margin, these data have to be processed, interpreted and discussed within the tectonic framework. A first data example indicates the reactivation of normal faults, bounding tilted Triassic blocks, as reverse faults that uplifted overlying Cretaceous strata and pierce into overlying Pleistocene units. However, the exact outline of the fault system remains unknown. Incorporating more seismic data into the interpretation will improve the understanding of fault system evolution and reveal its exact outline and connection to deep-seated structures of the Ringkøbing-Fyn High. The quantitative analysis of fault displacement requires seismic depth sections obtained by high-quality velocity models. Migration velocity model building will be achieved by using an innovative processing flow based on a diffraction extraction technique. This technique uses diffraction wavefront attributes to calculate lateral variable velocity information even for short-offset seismic data. Additionally, extracted diffractions will help to identify faults and improve the understanding of the fault system and its geometry. Growth faulting visible in the produced depth sections will allow quantification of active phases of tectonic movement, which will be discussed in the context of the known phases of basin subsidence and inversion from other areas of the NGB and adjacent sub-basins of the Central European Basin System.