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Effects of thinning and mixing canopy tree species on species diversity of forest plants in cool temperate Satoyama area

寒温带里山地区间伐混交树种对森林植物物种多样性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
14560118
负责人：
KAMITANI Tomohiko
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
NIIGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A lot of forest areas in Japan have been dominated by abandoned coppice and artificial coniferous forests. Natural forests which have not been affected by forestry activity are restricted to small areas. Forest structure in the abandoned coppice forests and artificial coniferous forests is relatively homogeneous due to interruption of succession by repeated cutting in a short period. Therefore heterogeneous mosaic structure which is comprised of various regeneration phases has been disappeared in the abandoned coppice and artificial coniferous forests.This project examined how different canopy conditions and forest management affected specie diversity of forest plants in representative forests of cool temperate zone. The study of this project is conducted in Kamikawa village, Niigata Prefecture, central Japan.In the first chapter, potential plant species diversity was estimated in the abandoned coppice forest areas. In the second chapter, the effect of different canopy condition on light environment of forest floor and plant species diversity was examined in artificial Japanese cedar forests, broadleaf-conifer mixed forests and abandoned coppice forests. The guilds of plant species in each forest type with different canopy conditions were revealed. In the third chapter, forest management system conserving forest plant species was examined. In the forth chapter, regeneration of broad-leaf tree species in artificial canopy gaps was investigated after successive three years after creating the gaps. In each section, management method which restores the species diversity of forest plants in Satoyama area was discussed.

日本的许多林区都被废弃的灌木林和人工针叶林占据了主导地位。未受林业活动影响的天然林仅限于小面积。由于短时间内反复采伐造成演替中断，废弃灌木林和人工针叶林的林分结构较为均匀。因此，由不同更新阶段组成的异质镶嵌结构在废弃的灌木林和人工针叶林中消失了。本项目研究了不同的郁闭度条件和森林管理对寒温带代表性森林中森林植物物种多样性的影响。本项目的研究是在日本中部新泻县神川村进行的。在第一章中，对废弃的灌木林区的潜在植物物种多样性进行了评估。第二章研究了不同郁闭度条件对人工杉木林、阔叶针叶混交林和废弃灌木林地表光环境和植物物种多样性的影响。揭示了不同郁闭度条件下各林型的植物种类组成。第三章对保护森林植物物种的森林经营体制进行了研究。第四章研究了阔叶树种在人工林隙形成后连续三年的更新情况。在每个部分中，讨论了恢复佐山地区森林植物物种多样性的管理方法。