Studies on the effective use of chicken feathers

每年都有大量的鸡毛被扔掉。为了有效利用鸡毛，我们从鸡毛中提取了角蛋白，并制备了鸡毛的膜和纤维。并对其商业化应用进行了研究。研究结果表明：从碱性溶液中提取的薄膜强度较低，仅呈粉末状。用还原方法提取的另一种薄膜又硬又脆。为了提高薄膜的力学性能，我们通过与聚乙烯醇(PVA)混合的方法制备了有用的薄膜，并对快速测试生物降解性的方法进行了研究。样品被放入包括两升各种土壤、化肥和酶的介质中。介质在20℃和30℃时受潮，监测薄膜样品随时间的变化。在含有液体肥料和田间土壤的介质中，将薄膜样品在30℃下分解一个月。实际使用调查：(1)薄膜与聚乙烯醇混合；虽然有点混浊，但得到了坚固的薄膜：(2)甲醛吸着剂；薄膜进行了甲醛吸收试验。结果表明，虽然甲壳素的吸水性不如甲壳质，但具有良好的吸水性；(3)成型剂，将萃取液搅拌制成表面活性剂，即可得到坚韧的气泡。我们研究了在混凝土板生产过程中，通过搅拌这种气泡来生产轻质混凝土的情况。

Every year, large amount of chicken feathers are thrown away. For the effective use of chicken feathers, we extracted keratin proteins from the feathers and produced their films and fibers. Commercial application were also investigated. The results obtained in the present study are summarized as follows:The film extracted from the alkali solution had low strength and only showed the form of powders. The other film extracted by the reduction method was stiff and brittle. To improve mechanical properties, we prepared useful films by mixing with poly(vinylalcohol) (PVA)Quick method for testing biodegradability was examined. The samples were put in the media including two liters of various soils, fertilizer, and enzymes. The media were damped at 20℃ and 30℃ The changes of film samples with time were monitored. In the medium including liquid fertilizer and the soil from field, film sample at 30℃ was decomposed for one month.Investigation for practical use: (1) The film mixed with PVA; although a little cloudy, strong film was obtained: (2) Formaldehyde absorbent; films were tested for the use of formaldehyde absorbent. As the result, although inferior to the chitin, good absorbency was obtained; (3) Forming agent; stirring the extracted solution made surfactant then tough bubble was obtained. We examined the use of this bubble to produce light concrete by mixing it during the process of concrete board production.