Neural mechanisms controlling food intake during stress

压力期间控制食物摄入的神经机制

• 批准号: 14570068
• 负责人: ONAKA Tatsushi
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: Jichi Medical School
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14570068/
• 关键词: stress; conditioned fear; noxious stimuli; oxytocin; noradrenaline; PrRP; orexin; food intake; Fos

Stressful stimuli increase or decrease food intake dependent upon the stimuli applied. Neural mechanisms underling this stress-induced modulation of food intake remain to be clarified. Firstly, we attempted to make up a new instrument for measuring food intake automatically. By using this instrument, we have found that noxious stimuli with relatively weak intensity increase food intake, while emotional stimuli (immobilization stress) decrease food intake. In order to investigate neural pathways involved in stress-induced modulation, we performed a retrograde tracing study combined with Fos immunohistochemical detection. Noxious stimuli that are orexigenic stimuli activated orexin neurones in the lateral hypothalamus, which have facilitative effects upon food intake. On the other hand, anorexigenic stressful stimuli (conditioned fear stimuli) activated A2 noradrenergic neurones in the dorsomedial medulla oblongata, which contain an anorexic peptide, PrRP. Blocking of endogenous PrRP by application of anti-PrRP antibodies increased basal food intake and fasting-induced food intake, and reduced the stress-induced decrease in food intake. All these data suggest that noxious stimuli induce food intake via activation of orexin neurones, while emotional stimuli reduce food intake via activation of PrRP neurones.

压力刺激会增加或减少食物摄入量，具体取决于所施加的刺激。这种压力引起的食物摄入调节的神经机制仍有待阐明。首先，我们尝试制作一种自动测量食物摄入量的新仪器。通过使用该仪器，我们发现强度相对较弱的有害刺激会增加食物摄入量，而情绪刺激（固定压力）会减少食物摄入量。为了研究应激诱导调节中涉及的神经通路，我们进行了逆行追踪研究并结合 Fos 免疫组化检测。产生食欲的有害刺激会激活下丘脑外侧的食欲素神经元，从而对食物摄入产生促进作用。另一方面，导致厌食的应激刺激（条件性恐惧刺激）会激活背内侧延髓中的 A2 去甲肾上腺素能神经元，其中含有厌食肽 PrRP。通过应用抗 PrRP 抗体阻断内源性 PrRP，可增加基础食物摄入量和空腹引起的食物摄入量，并减少应激引起的食物摄入量减少。所有这些数据表明，有害刺激通过激活食欲素神经元诱导食物摄入，而情绪刺激通过激活 PrRP 神经元减少食物摄入。

项目成果

Zhu LL, Onaka T, Sakurai T, Yada T.: "Activation of orexin neurones after noxious but not conditioned fear stimuli in rats."Neuroreport. 13. 1351-1353 (2002)

Zhu LL、Onaka T、Sakurai T、Yada T.：“大鼠受到有害但非条件性恐惧刺激后食欲素神经元的激活。”Neuroreport。

Rokkaku K, Onaka T, Okada N, Ideno J, Kawakami A, Honda K, Yada T, Ishibashi S.: "Neuromedin U facilitates oxytocin release from the pituitary via β adrenoceptors."Neuroreport. 14. 1997-2000 (2003)

Rokkaku K、Onaka T、Okada N、Ieno J、Kawakami A、Honda K、Yada T、Ishibashi S.：“Neuromedin U 通过 β 肾上腺素受体促进垂体释放催产素。”Neuroreport 14。1997-2000 (2003)

Zhu LL, Onaka T.: "Involvement of medullary A2 noradrenergic neurons in the activation of oxytocin neurons after conditioned fear stimuli"Eur J Neurosci. 16. 2186-2198 (2002)

Zhu LL, Onaka T.：“条件性恐惧刺激后髓质 A2 去甲肾上腺素能神经元参与催产素神经元的激活”Eur J Neurosci。

Onaka T, Serino R, Ueta Y.: "Intermittent footshock facilitates dendritic vasopressin release but suppresses vasopressin synthesis within the rat supraoptic nucleus."J Neuroendocrinol. 15. 629-632 (2003)

Onaka T、Serino R、Ueta Y.：“间歇性足部电击促进树突状加压素释放，但抑制大鼠视上核内加压素合成。”J Neuroendocrinol。

Hada T, Onaka_T, Takahashi T, Hiraga A, Yagi K.: "Effects of novelty stress on neuroendocrine activities and running performance in Thoroughbred horses."J Neuroendocrinol. 15. 638-648 (2003)

Hada T、Onaka_T、Takahashi T、Hiraga A、Yagi K.：“新奇压力对纯种马神经内分泌活动和跑步表现的影响。”J Neuroendocrinol。