Involvement of reward system in acquisition and maintenance of alcohol independence.

奖励系统参与酒精独立性的获得和维持。

• 批准号: 14570928
• 负责人: TAKEUCHI Yoshiki
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Kagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14570928/
• 关键词: Alcohol; Dependence; Model animal; Rewards system; Hippocampus; Glial cells; Amino acids; Neurotrophic factors; アルコー依存症; 脳内報酬系; BDNF mRNA; GDNF mRNA; OMgp mRNA; Real-time RT-PCR; アルコール依存症; 脳内アミノ酸; 神経伝達物質; 微細構造変化; 神経細胞数の定量解析; 海馬神経細胞; 種差

Wistar rats were exposed to a relatively high daily dose of ethanol at postnatal day 10-15 by placing them for 3 h/day in a chamber containing ethanol vapor. These ethanol-treated rats (blood concentration : approximately 430 mg/dl) were found to have slightly but significantly fewer pyramidal cell neurons. The present observations indicate that pyramidal cells in the hippocampus may be vulnerable to a relatively high dose of ethanol exposure during this short period of early postnatal life. In additional experiment, the effects on the frontal cortex and hilar neuron numbers, observed as a result of such short periods of ethanol treatment, appeared to be transitory.With respect to colocalization of taurine and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in mouse hippocampus, induced by short-term ethanol exposure, quantitative analysis revealed that the merged area in ethanol-treated mice was twice that (71.6% vs. 35.8%) of control mice. Since taurine is involved in various neuroprotective functions, the present observations suggest that the expression of taurine immunoreactivity in reactive astrocytes after ethanol exposure might play an important role in neuroprotective processes.Additional analysis was made to investigate the effects on expression of neurotrophic factors. The expression levels of brain- and glia-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF and GDNF) in the hippocampus were analyzed by RT-PCR analysis. This study revealed that chronic ethanol consumption does not result in significant changes in expression levels of BDNF and GDNF mRNAs. However, it was characteristic in myelin-associated glycoprotein that expression levels of oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (OMgp) mRNA were increased. This appears to be consistent with the neuropathological changes in alcoholics, which have relationship with demyelination.

Wistar大鼠通过将其在含有乙醇蒸气的腔室中放置3小时/天，暴露于产后第10-15天的每日乙醇剂量相对较高。发现这些经乙醇处理的大鼠（血液浓度：约430 mg/dL）的大鼠略微但较少的锥体细胞神经元。目前的观察结果表明，海马中的锥体细胞可能在产后早期的短期内容易受到相对较高剂量的乙醇暴露的影响。 In additional experiment, the effects on the frontal cortex and hilar neuron numbers, observed as a result of such short periods of ethanol treatment, appeared to be transitory.With respect to colocalization of taurine and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in mouse hippocampus, induced by short-term ethanol exposure, quantitative analysis revealed that the merged area in ethanol-treated mice was twice那个对照小鼠（71.6％vs. 35.8％）。由于牛磺酸参与了各种神经保护功能，因此目前的观察结果表明，乙醇暴露后反应性星形胶质细胞中牛磺酸免疫反应性的表达可能在神经保护过程中起重要作用。进行了附属分析以研究神经营养因子的表达。通过RT-PCR分析分析了海马中脑和神经胶质神经营养因子（BDNF和GDNF）的表达水平。这项研究表明，慢性乙醇消耗不会导致BDNF和GDNF mRNA表达水平的显着变化。然而，在与髓磷脂相关的糖蛋白中，少突胶质细胞髓磷脂糖蛋白（OMGP）mRNA的表达水平增加。这似乎与酗酒者的神经病理学变化一致，这些变化与脱髓鞘有关系。

项目成果

Kiyoshi Morimoto: "Delusional disorder : molecular genetic evidence for dopamine psychosis."Neuropsychopharmacology. 26. 794-801 (2002)

Kiyoshi Morimoto：“妄想症：多巴胺精神病的分子遗传学证据。”神经精神药理学。

Takanori Miki: "The effects of age and alcohol exposure during early life on pyramidal cells in the CA1-CA3 region of the rat hippocampus"Hippocampus. (in press). (2003)

Takanori Miki：“年龄和早年酒精暴露对大鼠海马 CA1-CA3 区锥体细胞的影响”海马。

Hong-Peng Li: "The effect of the timing of prenatal X-irradiation on Purkinje cell numbers in rat cerebellum"Dev Brain Res. 139・2. 159-166 (2002)

李红鹏：“产前X射线照射时间对大鼠小脑浦肯野细胞数量的影响”Dev Brain Res. 139・2 (2002)。

The effect of the timing of prenatal X-irradiation on Purkinje cell numbers in rat cerebellum.

• DOI: 10.1016/s0165-3806(02)00542-4
• 发表时间: 2002-12
• 期刊: Brain research. Developmental brain research
• 作者: Hong Peng Li;T. Miki;He Gu;I. Satriotomo;Yoshiki Mastumoto;Hiromi Kuma;D. Gonzalez;K. Bedi;H. Suwaki;Y. Takeuchi

Gu He: "Toluene diisocyanate exposure induces laryngo-tracheal eosinophilia, which canbe ameliorated by supplementation with antioxidant vitamins in guinea pigs"Acta Otolaryngol. 123. 965-971 (2003)

谷河：“甲苯二异氰酸酯暴露会引起豚鼠喉气管嗜酸性粒细胞增多，可以通过补充抗氧化维生素来改善豚鼠的情况”Acta Otolaryngol。