Cyclin G2: Expression and functional analysis of new cell cycle regulator in human oral cancer

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We have shown that human cyclin G2 is down-regulated in laser capture microdissection using microarray. Western analysis showed detectable cyclin G2 protein in normal but not in malignant oral keratinocyte cell lines. Immunohistochemistry analysis done on oral mucosa, dysplastic oral epithelia and oral cancer epithelia. Cyclin G2 expressed in 100% of normal oral mucosa, 69.1% of dysplastic oral epithelia in the nuclei and 11.1% of oral cancer epithelia in the nuclei. In vitro functional study by ectopic restoration of Cyclin G2 expression in the human malignant squamous cell carcinoma line resulted in a inhibition of cellular proliferation and colony formation with increased population of G1 phase and decreased in S phase. Stable down-regulation of Cyclin G2 by short interference RNA-based gene silencing in immortalized normal oral keratinocytes resulted in enhanced cell growth with increase in S and prominently in G2 phase. Cyclin G2, has been implicated as a negative regulator in cell cycle progression.