Ergonomics research regarding a reduction of the physical burden for nurses and caregivers -A study of individual force and auxiliary force required to elevate the hips in a recumbent position-

关于减轻护士和护理人员的身体负担的人体工学研究 -对仰卧时抬起臀部所需的个人力和辅助力的研究-

• 批准号: 14572237
• 负责人: KUNISAWA Naoko
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Saitama Prefectural University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14572237/
• 关键词: lifting buttock; recumbent position; Force plates; physical burden; load; the center of gravity; 重心

The current research focused on actions to elevate the hips in a recumbent position, a nursing activity that involves a substantial physical burden for the patient and the nurse. This action is a burden for both, although it has merits of serving as rehabilitation as part of daily activities for the patient and allows care in a shorter period of time for the nurse. Thus, this work clarified evidence on actions to elevate the hips and assisting action by objectively and subjectively quantifying the physical burden placed on the patient and nurse. In addition, this work verified the possibility of the patient's individual force assisting with actions through use of simple aids such as a handrail.The current research obtained the following results:1. A taller bed involved less force exerted by an individual in the role of a nurse and this work was subjectively considered easier. The force exerted by an individual in the role of a patient in this instance was also less, and there was also … More little discomfort with regard to assistance.2. Classification of waveform characteristics for actions to elevate the hips clarified the following(1) For individuals with nursing experience overall, the load during actions to assist with hip elevation tended to become constant after it decreased. During actions indicating this waveform, there was also less of a physical burden.(2) For both individuals with nursing experience and nursing students, the physical burden increased when timing of hip elevation was not coordinated with the patient.3. For both patients and nurses, performing hip elevation in one go for one second resulted in lees of a physical burden.4. Actions of individuals with nursing experience and nursing students were compared, and the following 4 conditions characteristic of actions of individuals with nursing experience became apparent(1)Substantialal force was exerted from the start of hip elevation until elevation was complete afterwards, force was exerted to maintain the hips in an elevated position(2)Signalling the patient, with both exerting force simultaneously(3)Frequent use of the force of the lower limbs, and substantial shifting of the center of gravity forward and backward and up and down in particular(4)Spreading the legs forward and backward and to the right and left, and assuming a low Less

目前的研究集中在行动，以提高臀部在一个横卧位，护理活动，涉及到大量的身体负担的病人和护士。这一行动对双方都是一种负担，尽管它具有作为患者日常活动的一部分的康复服务的优点，并允许护士在较短的时间内进行护理。因此，这项工作澄清了证据的行动，以提高髋关节和辅助行动，客观和主观量化的身体负担放在病人和护士。此外，这项工作还验证了患者个人力量通过使用扶手等简单辅助工具辅助行动的可能性。当前研究获得了以下结果：1.一张较高的床涉及较少的力量施加的个人在一个护士的角色，这项工作被主观认为是更容易。在这种情况下，一个人扮演病人的角色所施加的力量也较小，而且 ...更多信息 在援助方面没有什么不舒服的地方。通过对髋关节抬高动作的波形特征进行分类，明确了以下几点：（1）对于有护理经验的人来说，髋关节抬高辅助动作时的负荷在降低后趋于恒定。在指示该波形的动作期间，也存在较少的身体负担。(2)无论是有护理经验者或护生，在髋关节抬高时机未与病患协调时，都会增加身体负担.对于病人和护士来说，一次性进行一秒钟的髋关节抬高会减轻身体负担。比较有护理经验者与护生的动作，发现有护理经验者的动作有以下4个特征：（1）从髋关节抬高开始到抬高完成时施加了相当大的力，并施加力以保持髋关节处于抬高位置;（2）向患者发出信号，（3）下肢用力频繁，特别是重心前后、上下明显移动;（4）两腿前后、左右分开，呈低摆;

项目成果

小川鑛一, 鈴木玲子, 大久保祐子, 國澤尚子, 小長谷百絵: "バイオメカニズム・ライブラリー 看護動作のエビデンス"東京電機大学出版局. 166 (2003)

小川英一、铃木玲子、大久保佑子、国泽直子、小永谷百惠：《护理行为的生物机制图书馆证据》东京电机大学出版社 166 (2003)。