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Fall prevention for the elderly in a long-term care institution : Development of an exercise program based on EBN

长期护理机构老年人跌倒预防：基于 EBN 的运动计划开发

基本信息

批准号：
14572270
负责人：
KATO Mayumi
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14572270/
关键词：
fall exercise program elderly EBN long-term care institution 転倒予防

项目摘要

Our aim was to develop an exercise program for fall prevention, based on evidence-based nursing (EBN), to not only increase muscle strength in the lower extremities, balance, and mobility, but also to decrease fear of falling and to increase self-efficacy for fall prevention in the elderly in a long-term care institution. We developed an exercise program which consisted of a warm-up, static stretching exercise, muscle strengthening in the lower extremities, balance training (toe training and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation), and a cool-down, based on EBN. The study design was a clinical trial. We developed a program through two trials. In the first trial, the 30 elderly participants who agreed to our study were divided into an intervention group of 16 people and a control group of 14 people. The length of the program was three months, and we measured muscle strength, balance, mobility, fear of falling, self efficacy for fall, and the number of falls to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. As a result, the intervention group showed increased balance and mobility and a decreased number of falls, although muscle strength and self-efficacy for fall did not increase and arm strength decreased significantly. No training-related medical problems occurred. We modified the program to increase muscle strength in the lower extremities, to increase or maintain arm strength and self efficacy for fall. In the second trial, 40 elderly participants were divided into an intervention group of 21 people and a control group of 19 people. The results showed a maintaining of arm strength and an increase of self-efficacy for fall but no increase of muscle strength in the lower extremities. In conclusion, an exercise program for fall prevention in the elderly in a long-term institution may be useful.

我们的目的是开发一个运动计划，跌倒预防，基于循证护理（EBN），不仅增加下肢肌肉力量，平衡，和流动性，而且还减少跌倒的恐惧，并提高自我效能的跌倒预防在长期护理机构的老年人。我们开发了一个运动计划，其中包括热身，静态拉伸运动，下肢肌肉强化，平衡训练（脚趾训练和本体感觉神经肌肉促进），和冷却，基于EBN。研究设计为临床试验。我们通过两次试验开发了一个程序。在第一次试验中，同意我们研究的30名老年参与者被分为干预组16人和对照组14人。该计划为期三个月，我们测量了肌肉力量，平衡，流动性，跌倒恐惧，跌倒自我效能和福尔斯的数量，以评估该计划的有效性。结果，干预组的平衡性和灵活性增加，福尔斯次数减少，但肌肉力量和跌倒自我效能没有增加，手臂力量显著下降。未发生与培训相关的医疗问题。我们修改了程序，以增加下肢肌肉力量，增加或维持手臂力量和跌倒的自我效能。在第二次试验中，40名老年参与者被分为干预组21人和对照组19人。结果表明，上肢力量保持不变，跌倒自我效能提高，但下肢肌力没有增加。总之，在长期机构的老年人跌倒预防运动计划可能是有用的。