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Analysis of the function of Gastrocnemius and Soleus in ankle joint during jumping by means of physical model

物理模型分析跳跃过程中踝关节腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的功能

基本信息

批准号：
16500399
负责人：
TORIUMI Kiyoshi
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
University of Toyama
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16500399/
关键词：
Gastrocnemius muscle Soleus muscle bi-articular muscle ankle joint jumping

项目摘要

This research examined the role of bi- and mono-articular muscles related to the extension of ankle joint in jumping. The bi-articular muscle is the Gastrocnemius and the mono-articular muscle is the Soleus. A physical model that could be changed of the muscular arrangement was used in order to examine the functions of the Gastrocnemius and the soleus to the movement control.In a theoretical analysis, the functionally effective muscular strength concept about the two link system was applied to the shank, the functionally effective muscular strength concept about the shank was constructed, and the output distribution decision method at the toe was examined. As a result, when the Soleus and the Gastrocnemius were shortened, it became clear that the direction of the output force at the toe was changed from the vertical to horizontal and that there was a negative influence for jumping.Next, the change of muscle length and the muscle activity of the Gastrocnemius and the Soleus in jumping w … More ere examined. The motions of subjects in vertical jumping were videotaped by a digital video camera, and the change of muscle lengths of the Gastrocnemius and the Soleus were calculated. Moreover, the EMGs of muscles around the knee and ankle joint were derived.The following actuators were prepared as the actuator of the physical models for jumping. The springs were applied as the extension actuator of the knee and ankle joint, and the wire was applied as the bi-articular muscle Gastrocnemius. Four models were made by combining those actuator. The model (1)was equipped with only knee joint extension actuator. The model (2)was equipped with the knee joint extension actuator and the ankle joint extension actuator. The model (3)was equipped with the knee joint extension actuator and the bi-articular muscle Gastrocnemius. The model (4)was equipped with the knee extension actuator, the ankle extension actuator and the bi-articular muscle Gastrocnemius. The ankle joint of the model (1)was fastened because the ankle joint that was not equipped with actuator was not able to transmit power to the floor. As a result, the relation of the jumping heights of the models was that (3)>(4)>(2)≒(1). Moreover, the relation of the rotary frequency in the air was that (1)>(2)>(4)≒(3). These results indicate that the Gastrocnemius has the functions of increasing jumping height and stabilizing airborne posture, and that the soleus has not those functions. Less

这项研究检查了双关节和单关节肌肉在跳跃时与踝关节伸展相关的作用。双关节肌是腓肠肌，单关节肌是比目鱼肌。采用可改变肌肉排列的物理模型来检验腓肠肌和比目鱼肌对运动控制的功能。在理论分析中，将两连杆系统的功能有效肌力概念应用于小腿，构建了小腿的功能有效肌力概念，并检验了足趾处的输出分配决策方法。结果，当比目鱼肌和腓肠肌缩短时，脚趾处的输出力方向从垂直变为水平，这对跳跃产生了负面影响。接下来，研究跳跃时腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的肌肉长度变化和肌肉活动。用数码摄像机拍摄受试者垂直跳跃的动作，并计算腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的肌肉长度变化。此外，还导出了膝关节和踝关节周围肌肉的肌电图。准备了以下致动器作为跳跃物理模型的致动器。弹簧用作膝关节和踝关节的伸展致动器，线用作双关节肌腓肠肌。将这些执行器组合起来制成了四种模型。模型(1)仅配备膝关节伸展执行器。模型(2)配备膝关节伸展致动器和踝关节伸展致动器。模型（3）配备膝关节伸展执行器和双关节肌腓肠肌。模型（4）配备膝关节伸展致动器、踝关节伸展致动器和双关节肌腓肠肌。模型（1）的踝关节被紧固，因为未配备执行器的踝关节无法将动力传输到地板。由此得出模型跳跃高度的关系为(3)>(4)>(2)≒(1)。另外，空气中的旋转频率的关系为(1)>(2)>(4)≒(3)。这些结果表明腓肠肌具有增加跳跃高度和稳定空中姿势的功能，而比目鱼肌不具有这些功能。较少的