权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Directions of sound changes as reflected in the age differentiation in the Chinese dialects and East Asian languages

汉语方言和东亚语言年龄分化所反映的声音变化方向

基本信息

批准号：
16520256
负责人：
ENDOU Mitsuaki
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Aoyama Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research aims at to describe the differentiation of elder, middle and younger ages in the one and the same place of Chinese and Asian languages, and observe the sound changes among them. And then, we collect the real examples of the directions of sound change on this empirical basis for theoretical survey. There are plenty of languages which have tone among these languages, so that we can obtain many examples of diachronical change of tone value.In the period of 3 years, we have investigated over 10 places in the area of South-western China, Southeast Asia and Mongolia, obtained a series of real examples of diachronical change which reflected in the age differentiation. In the meantime, we have collected a number of the description on the age differentiation which had published hitherto.Though we have collected many descriptive data, but those which we have published are rather small number. However, there are a lot of real prosess of sound changes which have empirical foundation, as different from the speculations which had denoted formerly, we have given the basis to reveal the rules on directions of sound change which have universality.For example, the result of the investigation of the age differentiation of sounds of Chinese that we have done in Sipsongpanna, China at August 2006 is as follows: there are a series of big changes in progress, espetially of tone, from old age to young age, not only in tone values, but also in phonation type: e.g. the tone which is pronunced with breathy voice in the old generation is pronunce with creaky voice or glottal stop among middle and young generations.

本研究旨在描述汉语和亚洲语言同一处的老年、中年和年轻年龄的分化，并观察它们之间的语音变化。然后，在此实证基础上收集声音变化方向的真实例子进行理论考察。在这些语言中，有很多语言是有声调的，因此我们可以获得很多声调值历时变化的例子。在3年的时间里，我们对中国西南、东南亚、蒙古等地区的10多个地方进行了调查，获得了一系列体现在年龄分异上的历时变化的真实例子。同时，我们还收集了一些迄今为止已发表的关于年龄区分的描述。虽然我们收集了很多描述性数据，但是我们发表的数量还比较少。然而，有很多真实的音变过程是有经验基础的，与之前的推测不同，我们为揭示音变方向的规律提供了基础，具有普遍性。例如，我们2006年8月在中国西双版纳所做的汉语语音年龄分异的调查结果如下：从老年到青年，有一系列大的进展，特别是声调的变化，而不是从老年到年轻的变化。仅在音调值中，而且在发声类型中：例如老一代的气音发音，中青年人的发音是嘎吱声或声门塞音。