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The difference of the rural market systems in Manchuria, North China and the Loess plateau, and its historical implication

满洲里、华北地区和黄土高原农村市场体系的差异及其历史意义

基本信息

批准号：
16530223
负责人：
YASUTOMI Ayumu
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We tried to construct an general model of the rural market systems in China adapting the method of history and fieldwork in Manchuria, North China and Loess Plateau. In the first and second year we made a field work in these areas. In this third year we made an additional field work in a rural village in the Loess Plateau and a research of historical documents, and tried to make an general model of Chinese rural markets.The major results of this year are as follows; (1)Yasutomi and KANEHASHI Masato (Ph.D candidate of the Univ.of Tokyo) analyzed the population distribution of Manchuria. Kanehashi succeeded to make clear that the population pattern which supported the theory proposed by Yasutomi (2000) could be observed in 1970s. This pattern gradually vanished in 1980s and 1990s. On the contrary, a different pattern was observed in the Shandong province in 1970s. (2)Fukao and ISHIDA Shinichi made research on the relationship between communication pattern and the ecology of Gaoshigou village in the Loess Plateau. This village is famous for its success in recovering its ecology. It is the only one village in this area to have woods and pond. Ishida made a long term field work in this village and studied the reason of its success. He concluded that this village was able to make mutual reliability though the process of land reform. It succeeded to make mutual reliability amongst this village and its leader was able to reject the unrealistic norm which was forced from the government. They did what they thought meaningful and rejected to pretend to follow the governmental policy. This communication pattern resulted in the recovery of its ecology.

本文采用历史研究和田野调查相结合的方法，在东北、华北和黄土高原三地，试图构建一个中国农村市场体系的一般模型。在第一年和第二年，我们在这些领域进行了实地考察。第三年，我们又在黄土高原的一个农村进行了田野调查，并对历史文献进行了研究，试图建立一个中国农村市场的一般模型。这一年的主要成果如下：（1）Yasutomi和KANEHASHI Masato（东京大学博士候选人）分析了满洲的人口分布。Kanehashi成功地阐明了在20世纪70年代可以观察到支持Yasutomi（2000）提出的理论的种群模式。这种模式在20世纪80年代和90年代逐渐消失。与此相反，山东省在20世纪70年代出现了不同的模式。（2）黄尾和石田伸一对黄土高原高石沟村的交通模式与生态的关系进行了研究。这个村庄以成功恢复生态而闻名。这是这个地区唯一一个有树林和池塘的村庄。石田在此村进行了长期的田野调查，并研究了其成功的原因。他的结论是，这个村庄能够通过土地改革的过程中，使相互信任。它成功地使这个村庄之间的相互可靠性和它的领导人能够拒绝不切实际的规范，这是从政府被迫。他们做了他们认为有意义的事情，拒绝假装遵循政府的政策。这种交流模式导致了其生态的恢复。