The relationship between disaffected social identity and discriminatory group perception: Comparing Japan and the U..S...

本研究提出的概念，disidentification作为区别于nonidentification，并探讨其对外群知觉的作用。在2004年，我们首先构建了一个新的销售，这将使我们能够区分disidentification和nonidentification。在2005年和2006年，我们进行了一系列的研究，调查日本和美国的disidentified学生将如何应对实验创造的威胁，以ingroupstatus。两种类型的刻板印象的任务被用作依赖措施：一个自由的描述任务和特质评级任务。在自由描述任务中，学生被要求列出并评价几所目标大学的刻板印象属性，这些大学在学术地位维度上的相对地位各不相同。在特质评定任务中，学生对同一目标大学的身份相关和身份无关人格特质的一致性进行评定。结果表明，日本的不认同学生更倾向于贬低 关于我们 一所地位较低的大学（而不是地位较高和地位平等的大学）作为对威胁的反应。相比之下，美国的disidentified学生表现出一种倾向，选择一个更高的地位的大学（而不是一个较低的地位的大学）作为贬损目标。我们进一步研究了在应对来自不满的社会身份的威胁方面的跨国差异是否源于感知身份系统的差异（即，这两个国家之间的学术精英主义。这表明，对学术精英主义（日本社会的特点）的更强的信念导致了一种倾向，即身份的丧失可能与贬低地位较低的大学有关，而对学术精英主义的信念较弱（美国社会的特点）则导致了一种倾向，即对地位较低的大学的贬低可能与身份丧失有关。S.社会）提高的可能性，disidentification将与减损一个更高的地位的大学。有人认为，disidentification和外群体的看法之间的关系根据不同的社会系统的感知性质。少

The present research proposes the notion of disidentification as being distinct from nonidentification, and investigated its role in outgroup perceptions. In 2004, we first constructed a new sale which would enable us to distinguish disidentification and nonidentification. In 2005 and 2006, we conducted a series of studies to investigate how Japanese and U.S. disidentified students would respond to experimentally created threats to ingroup status. Two types of stereotyping tasks were employed as dependent measures: a free description task and trait rating task. In the free descriptions task, students were asked to list and rate stereotypical attributes for several target universities which varied in relative status in the dimension of academic standing. In the trait rating task, students rated those same target universities for the descriptiveness of status-relevant and status-irrelevant personality traits. Results indicated that Japanese disidentified students tended to derogate more … More a lower-status university (rather than a higher-status and equal-status university) as a reaction to the threat. By contrast, U.S. disidentified students exhibited a tendency of selecting a higher status university (rather than a lower-status university) as a derogation target. We further examined whether the cross national difference in the way of responding to the threat from disaffected social identity derived from the difference in perceived status system (i.e., academic elitism) between these two countries. This revealed that stronger beliefs in academic elitism (characteristic of Japanese society) lead to the tendency that disidentification would be likely assoeiated with derogation of lower-status universities while weaker beliefs in it (characteristic of the U. S. society) enhance the likelihood that disidentification would be associated with derogation of a higher-status university. It is argued that the relation between disidentification and outgroup perceptions varies according to the perceived nature of social system. Less