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Multi-level Support Approach in Clinical Psychological Practice

临床心理实践中的多层次支持方法

基本信息

批准号：
16530452
负责人：
TAJIMA Seiichi
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Important problem in clinical psychological practice for the client (IP) who have no motivation to take counseling is the intervention of effective approach. The author studied on an effective approach to such cases. This approach is based on author's theoretical model which consists of psychological support by networking, sharing the goals with client, and eliciting the effort for self-help.In this study, the author reported some cases such as school refusal with little conflict, a delinquent student without social ability and the student who battered other people with no motivation to take counseling. The author coordinated psychological supports by human networking of volunteer, students, teachers, chief physician and counselor to such clients. As a result, their conditions became stabilized and many inadequate behaviors such as withdrawal were disappeared and interpersonal relationships and life spaces increased. The main characteristics of this psychological approach in comparison to the traditional individual counseling were as ; (1)psychological assessment of his networks, (2)visiting the student's home by counselor, (3)continuing to relate to the student under the preservative condition of his escape, (4)psychological supports by two types of networking-restrictive and acceptable, (5)making a Ibasyo("niche") in school campus and counseling room that made them safe and comfortable, (6)cultivating his "ability of demanding and inventing" for self-help and (7)keeping realistic expectation toward his counselor.

对无心理咨询动机的来访者进行有效的干预是临床心理实践中的一个重要问题。笔者对此类案件的有效处理方法进行了研究。本研究以笔者提出的以人际网络为基础的心理支持、与来访者分享目标、激发自助努力的理论模式为基础，以一名冲突较少的拒学学生、一名无社会能力的不良学生、一名殴打他人而无动机接受心理咨询的学生为例进行了个案研究。通过志愿者、学生、教师、主任医师、心理咨询师的人际网络，协调对此类来访者的心理支持。结果，他们的状况变得稳定，许多不适当的行为，如退缩消失，人际关系和生活空间增加。与传统的个别心理咨询相比，该心理咨询方法的主要特点是：（1）对其网络进行心理评估;（2）由心理咨询师到学生家中进行家访;（3）在学生逃离的保存条件下继续与学生保持联系;（4）通过两种类型的网络--限制性网络和接受性网络进行心理支持;（5）在校园和心理咨询室中营造一个安全舒适的“小生境”（“niche”）;（6）培养自我帮助的“要求能力和创造能力”;（7）对心理咨询师保持现实的期望。