A Study of School-Community Complex of Facilities

本研究旨在通过关注学校-社区设施综合体的问题来阐明学校与当地社区的关系。“学校-社区综合设施”是指在学校大院内建立社区中心、幼儿园、幼儿园、养老院等设施，以建立“学校与当地社区的合作关系”。本研究包括实地调查，包括参观设施、收集资料和访问学校-社区综合设施，不仅在日本，而且在北欧，被认为是该领域的先驱案例。实地调查的范围扩大到学校建筑的建筑物，这些建筑物不是真正的学校-社区综合设施，而是部分用于地方社区。通过这些实地调查，本研究发现了京都南山城村学校合并的案例。2003年3月，谷山小学、高尾小学、小川原小学三所小学被关闭，2003年4月，这些学校合并后，南山城小学成立。这所学校是一个综合设施的实体，在它的院子里有一个托儿所和一个健康和福利中心。本研究包括对山县和高尾县居民的访谈，以及对南山城小学复杂设施的实地调查。访谈的目的是为了阐明现在合并的谷山小学和高尾小学与当地居民之间的关系，以及新成立的南山城小学及其院落内的设施与当地居民之间的关系。这项研究成功地揭示了学校作为地方社区中心的功能，它超越了儿童教育机构的功能。

This study aims to clarify how schools and local communities are related by focusing on the issue of school-community complex of facilities. "School-community complex facilities" represents establishing facilities such as a community center, kindergarten, nursery school and nursing home on a school compound, with the view to establishing "cooperative relations between schools and local communities."This study involves field surveys including inspection tours of facilities, collection of data and interviews at school-community complex facilities not only in Japan, but also those of Northern Europe, which are considered to be pioneering cases in this area. The scope of the field surveys expands into the buildings of school architecture that are not exactly school-community complex facilities, but have been built partly to be utilized for local communities. Through these field surveys the study found the case of the school consolidation in Minami-Yamashiro Village, Kyoto. In the village, three elementary schools, Tayama Elementary School, Takao Elementary School and Ogawara Elementary School, were closed down on March, 2003, and Minami Yamashiro Elementary School was opened as a consolidation of these schools on April, 2003. This school is an entity of complex facilities that have a nursery school and a health and welfare center on its compound. This study includes the interviews of residents in the districts of Tayama and Takao, as well as the field survey of Minami Yamashiro Elementary School, complex facilities. The purpose of the interviews is to clarify how now consolidated Tayama Elementary School and Takao Elementary School and local residents were related to each other, and how newly established Minami Yamashiro Elementary School and the facilities on its compound and local residents are related to each other.This study has succeeded in revealing the functions of schools as local community centers, which go beyond that of educational organizations for children.