Suppression of contact arcs between rail and wheel in dc electric railway systems

直流电气化铁路系统中钢轨与车轮之间接触电弧的抑制

• 批准号: 16560238
• 负责人: TSURUTA Koichi
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Ibaraki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16560238/
• 关键词: electric railway system; rail; arc; arc suppression; energy absorbing circuit; switching circuit; electric contact; contact protection

The electrical contact is widely used within a wide voltage and current range. In dc electric railway systems, current density of an arc discharge between wheel and rail at a time of disconnecting large current is extremely large for a short time. Electrode (edge on rail) is strongly heated and sometimes suffers severe damage of melting and has an influence on performance. The purpose of this study is to develop a switching assist circuit for dc railway systems for suppressing contact arcs generated at times of contact opening. The circuit is composed of a voltage detection circuit, an electric power absorption circuit, and a semiconductor switch. The voltage detection circuit detects arc occurrence by voltage between electrodes and makes electrical connection to the electric power absorption circuit. By bypassing the arc current, the circuit suppresses arcs, and prevents electrode damage. The semiconductor switch was made using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field effect transistors (FET) connected in parallel and enabled a fast response time for bypassing large current. Experimental apparatus for simulating arc generation is composed of power supply (large capacitor bank), rolling contact, rails, and an inductance. Rail damages during contact arcs and its change by delay time between arc ignition and the assistant operation was examined. As the operation delay time becomes shorter, arc crater or visible change on the rail is getting small. At the operation delay time of several tens of microseconds, the rail damage is prevented.

电接触器在较宽的电压和电流范围内得到广泛应用。在直流电气化铁路系统中，断开大电流时轮轨间电弧放电的电流密度在短时间内非常大。电极（钢轨边缘）受到强烈加热，有时会遭受严重的熔化损坏，对性能产生影响。本研究的目的是开发一种用于直流铁路系统的开关辅助电路，用于抑制触点打开时产生的接触电弧。该电路由电压检测电路、电力吸收电路和半导体开关组成。电压检测电路通过电极间的电压来检测电弧的产生，并与电力吸收电路电连接。通过旁路电弧电流，电路抑制电弧，并防止电极损坏。该半导体开关采用并联连接的金属氧化物半导体 (MOS) 场效应晶体管 (FET) 制成，可实现快速响应时间以旁路大电流。模拟电弧产生的实验装置由电源（大型电容器组）、滚动接触件、导轨和电感组成。研究了接触电弧时钢轨的损伤及其引弧与辅助操作之间的延迟时间的变化。随着操作延迟时间变短，钢轨上的弧坑或可见变化变小。几十微秒的操作延迟时间，防止了钢轨损坏。

项目成果

高速電流スイッチングによる接点アークの抑制

通过高速电流切换抑制接触电弧

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 電気学会論文誌A Vol.126, No.7(印刷中の為未定)
• 作者: 小川省吾;柳平丈志;鶴田浩一
• 通讯作者: 鶴田浩一

Suppression of contact arcs by a high-speed switching circuit

通过高速开关电路抑制接触电弧

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: IEEJ Trans.Fundamentals and Materials Vol.126, No.7(To be published)(in press)
• 作者: Syogo Ogawa;Takeshi Yanagidaira;Koichi Tsuruta
• 通讯作者: Koichi Tsuruta