ENVIRONMENTS FOR THE DAY NURSERIES WHICH SET UP IN HOUSING COMPLEX

本文的目的是研究东京日间托儿所等设施综合体的实际情况和存在的问题。由于土地价格上涨，许多日间托儿所作为其他设施的一部分而建造。由于托儿所服务的需求迅速增加，地方当局根据他们独立的标准对特定的日间托儿所进行认证。许多经过认证的日间托儿所也是作为其他设施的一部分而建立的。我们从儿童保育的角度关注日间托儿所综合体的物理环境。如今的托儿所综合体有一些优点和缺点。优点包括方便父母和有机会与其他几代人交流。主要的缺点是安全问题。尤其是住在有住房的小区里的老师和孩子们，对坠落物有一种恐惧。在20世纪60 ~ 70年代建造的多层高密度住宅中，设施的高龄化和居民的老龄化正在进行。住宅单元规模小，丰富的外部空间和公共设施是许多此类住宅小区的魅力所在。然而，一些公共设施并不适合居民的需要。居民需要的不仅是生活必需的设施，而且是能给小区带来活力和居民交流，改善小区环境的设施。在那个时期建造的许多大型住宅区都设立了日间托儿所。我们的调查显示，有一些居民希望日托中心向社区开放，通过日托中心的活动进行交流，并在育儿支持中心做志愿者工作。

The purpose of this paper is to research actual conditions and problems of the complexes of day nurseries and other facilities in Tokyo. Many day nurseries have been built as a part of complexes with other facilities, because of higher land prices. And the local authorities certify specific day nurseries based on their independent criteria, because of rapidly increasing demand of nursery services. Many of certified day nurseries are also built as a part of complexes with other facilities. We focus on physical environments of the day nursery complexes from the viewpoint of child care.These day nursery complexes have some merits and demerits. The merits include convenience for parents and opportunity to communicate with other generations. The main demerit is safety problem. Especially the teachers and children in the complexes with housing suffer from a fear of falling objects.In a multistory, high density housing complex constructed in the 1960-70's, the superannuation of facilities and the resident's aging are progressing. The dwelling unit scale is small, and a rich external space and common facilities are the charms of many such of housing complexes. However, some common facilities do not suit resident's needs. The residents want not only facilities necessary for life but also facilities which bring vigor and the resident's exchange to the housing complex, and improve the environment of it.Day nurseries are set up in many large-scale housing complexes constructed in that period. Our research revealed that there are some residents who hope the day nursery will open to the community, for exchanges through events at the day nursery, and to do voluntary work at the child-rearing support center.