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Bioremediation of marine environmental pollution using marine microorganism

利用海洋微生物生物修复海洋环境污染

基本信息

批准号：
16580150
负责人：
HAMADA Naoko
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16580150/
关键词：
lignin fungi halotolerant cellulase bioremediation laccase dye marine environment TBT TPT 色素

项目摘要

Lignin-degrading enzyme possesses a unique system that can degrade not only lignin, a naturally occurring substrate, but also synthetic compounds such as xenobiotics. Lignin-degrading microorganisms show much promise in the remediation of heavily polluted environments. However, because they usually exist on land, there is little or no research on their use in remediating marine environmental pollution, although they may be used to treat contaminated soils. Given this background, we searched for lignin-degrading microorganisms originating in the marine environment with the objective of developing bioremediation technology for the marine environment, which utilizes enzymes produced by such degrading microorganisms or the degrading microorganisms themselves. As a result, we found a halotolerant microorganism that produces laccase, a type of lignin-degrading enzyme. Based on examinations of the optimal conditions for the production of laccase by this microorganism, the microorganism was id … More entified as a filamentous fungus of genus Pestalotiopsis. Because this microorganism can produce laccase in the presence of 3% NaC1 solution, it showed much potential for bioremediation in the presence of salt. The results of a dye decolorization test indicated that 7 of 11 Pestalotiopsis species decolorized dyes in the presence of 1.5% or 3% NaC1 solution. When the degrading activity against organotin compounds [tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT)], which are endocrine-disrupting chemicals and are toxic substances present in the environment, was examined in the presence of salt, Pestalotiopsis at the initial concentration of 0.1 ppm was found to degrade the two compounds by approximately 50% and 40% in the presence of 1.5% and 3% NaC1 solution, respectively (6-day culture). After culture for 2 weeks, TBT and TPT were almost completely degraded. Furthermore, to test the applicability of this microorganism to marine environmental cleanup, we evaluated its toxicity using mouse experiments, but found no acute toxic effects. Taken together, the results demonstrate the possibility of using this microorganism for the remediation of marine environment. Less

木质素降解酶具有独特的降解系统，不仅可以降解天然存在的底物木质素，而且可以降解合成化合物，如外源性物质。木质素降解微生物在重污染环境的修复中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，由于它们通常存在于陆地上，因此很少或根本没有关于它们用于补救海洋环境污染的研究，尽管它们可用于处理受污染的土壤。鉴于这种背景，我们以开发用于海洋环境的生物修复技术为目的，搜索源自海洋环境的木质素降解微生物，该生物修复技术利用由这种降解微生物产生的酶或降解微生物本身。结果，我们发现了一种耐盐微生物，产生漆酶，一种木质素降解酶。通过对该菌产漆酶最适条件的研究， ...更多信息鉴定为拟盘多毛孢属的丝状真菌。由于该菌在3%NaCl溶液中能产生漆酶，因此在盐环境中具有良好的生物修复潜力。染料脱色试验结果表明，在1.5%和3%的NaCl溶液中，11种拟盘多毛孢菌中有7种对染料有脱色作用。当在盐的存在下检测对有机锡化合物[三丁基锡（TBT）和三苯基锡（TPT）]（其是内分泌干扰化学品并且是存在于环境中的有毒物质）的降解活性时，发现初始浓度为0.1ppm的拟盘多毛孢菌在1.5%和3%NaCl溶液的存在下将两种化合物降解约50%和40%，培养6天（6天）。培养2周后，TBT和TPT几乎完全降解。此外，为了测试该微生物对海洋环境净化的适用性，我们使用小鼠实验评估了其毒性，但未发现急性毒性作用。这些结果表明，利用该微生物修复海洋环境的可能性。少