Medicolegal and Pathological Study of Injury on Human Bones Excavated from Ancient Remains.

我们试图阐明从中国商代遗骸中发现的古人类骨骼损伤的原因。192人中有18人（9.4%）有一定程度的骨骼损伤。在18块受伤的骨头中，有10块是通过查阅当时商朝使用武器的文献，通过x光和CT图像分析，以及用动物骨头复制伤口的实验，确定了造成伤口的青铜武器。特别是，在中国考古史上，最古老的武器被科学地鉴定为头骨顶部的青铜武器碎片。商朝的都城是由田野工事围成的堡垒城。此外，与其他国家的许多战斗在那个时候是频繁的。在这个实验中，从一个平民坟墓中挖掘出来的许多人骨上发现了青铜武器造成的伤害。这一事实在考古学上很有趣，因为它证明了一个历史事实，即与外敌的战斗是在商朝的首都进行的。在祭品的骨头上观察到各种罕见的伤痕。但是因为我们没有经过中国政府的官方授权，不能进行展示，所以我们现在正在向政府申请展示许可。

We tried to elucidate the cause of skeletal injuries observed on ancient humans excavated from remains of Chinese Shang Dynasty. Eighteen among 192 individuals (9.4%) had certain skeletal injuries. In 10 out of the 18 injured bones, identification of the bronze weapon which had formed the wounds was possible by reviewing many documents about weapons used in the Shang of those days, analysis based on X-ray and CT images, and reproduction experiments of injuries using bones of an animal. Especially, a case which a fragment of a bronze weapon stuck in on a top of the skull was the oldest one, that a weapon was scientifically identified, in Chinese archeology history. The capital of the Shang takes a form of a fort city surrounded by a castle wall by fieldwork. Moreover, many fights with the other nation were frequent at that time. In this experiment, many human bones excavated from a grave of common people were found to have injuries formed by bronze weapons. This fact is archeologically interesting because it proves the historical fact that fighting with a foreign enemy was done in the capital of the Shang Dynasty. Various rare injuries were observed on bones of sacrifices. But because we are not possible to give a presentation if do not undergo the official authorization of the China government about showing photographs of sacrifices' bones and analysis results of the injuries, now we are applying for permission of presentation to the government.