A Study on Electro-Magnetic Interferences for ICD cause of Dental Electric Equipments

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ICD(implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) are used to artificially stimulate the heart in case of arrhythmia. As the population of elderly increases, number of patients with ICD increase. ICD can be affected by electrical equipment, known as electromagnetic interference (EMI).In dental treatment, it is necessary to use electrical dental equipments, but influences of these devices to ICD are unknown and reported only a few. Recent ICD therefore only functions when necessary.We evaluated recent electrical dental equipment aimed to systematize safety and positive dental treatment.Material and methodsWe tested 12 type 24 devices of electrical dental equipments that are being used in Tsurumi Univ. School of Dental Medicine hospital..Preliminary examination : Used flux-gate magneto-meter to measurement of flux density. If the value of flux density was high, these equipments were tested in simulation model.Simulation model : A water tank designed as the same size of the human body was filled with physiological salt solution. ICD was placed under the solution 12mm, connected by telemetric system to programmer.Results : ICD were inhibited by EMI of few electrical dental devices.These device were classified into two categories, according to cause of EMI.In case of type 1, some devices power supply unit of electrical device inhibit to pacing distance of 27 cm. This value was enough to influence to actual state of dental treatment.In case of type 2, some electrical root measurement device inhibit to pacing only when power on/off timing usage.All data was printed out by programmer, stored and analyzed.We suggest that precaution must be taken with the usage of electrical dental devices.This examination was done in limited conditions. Our settings were placed on most severe conditions.We must recognize the characteristics of ICD and electrical dental devices, so there are no limitation of dental treatment itself.