A Study on Electro-Magnetic Interferences for ICD cause of Dental Electric Equipments

ICD(植入式心律转复除颤器)用于人工刺激心脏，以防心律失常。随着老年人口的增加，ICD患者的数量也在增加。ICD会受到电子设备的影响，称为电磁干扰(EMI)，在牙科治疗中，使用电子牙科设备是必要的，但这些设备对ICD的影响尚不清楚，报道较少。因此，最近的ICD只有在必要时才能发挥作用。我们评估了旨在系统化安全和积极的牙科治疗的最新牙科电子设备。材料和方法我们测试了Tsurumi大学正在使用的12种24型牙科电子设备。口腔医学院附属医院。初步检查：用磁通门磁强计测量磁通密度。如果通量密度值较高，则在仿真模型中对这些设备进行测试。仿真模型：在设计成与人体相同大小的水箱中装入生理盐溶液。结果：ICD受到少数牙科电子设备的电磁干扰的抑制，根据产生电磁干扰的原因分为两类，在第一类情况下，某些设备的电源单元抑制起搏距离为27 cm。这一数值足以影响牙科治疗的实际状态。在第二种情况下，一些电动牙根测量仪只有在通电/关机计时使用时才会抑制起搏。所有数据都由编程器打印、存储和分析。我们建议使用电动牙科设备时必须采取预防措施。这种检查是在有限的条件下进行的。我们的设置是在最恶劣的条件下进行的，我们必须认识到ICD和电动牙科设备的特点，所以牙科治疗本身没有限制。

ICD(implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) are used to artificially stimulate the heart in case of arrhythmia. As the population of elderly increases, number of patients with ICD increase. ICD can be affected by electrical equipment, known as electromagnetic interference (EMI).In dental treatment, it is necessary to use electrical dental equipments, but influences of these devices to ICD are unknown and reported only a few. Recent ICD therefore only functions when necessary.We evaluated recent electrical dental equipment aimed to systematize safety and positive dental treatment.Material and methodsWe tested 12 type 24 devices of electrical dental equipments that are being used in Tsurumi Univ. School of Dental Medicine hospital..Preliminary examination : Used flux-gate magneto-meter to measurement of flux density. If the value of flux density was high, these equipments were tested in simulation model.Simulation model : A water tank designed as the same size of the human body was filled with physiological salt solution. ICD was placed under the solution 12mm, connected by telemetric system to programmer.Results : ICD were inhibited by EMI of few electrical dental devices.These device were classified into two categories, according to cause of EMI.In case of type 1, some devices power supply unit of electrical device inhibit to pacing distance of 27 cm. This value was enough to influence to actual state of dental treatment.In case of type 2, some electrical root measurement device inhibit to pacing only when power on/off timing usage.All data was printed out by programmer, stored and analyzed.We suggest that precaution must be taken with the usage of electrical dental devices.This examination was done in limited conditions. Our settings were placed on most severe conditions.We must recognize the characteristics of ICD and electrical dental devices, so there are no limitation of dental treatment itself.