Development of blood flow analysis system for total blood through micro-channel in biochip

为了解决作为生物芯片微通道模型的血浆流动与红细胞变形耦合问题，提出了浸入边界法的二维、轴对称和三维实用计算方法。在浸入边界法中，红细胞膜在流动方程中被视为体力。因此，将结构分析程序集成到代码高度调优的流分析软件用户子程序中，可以显著提高程序编制效率和计算速度。提出了该方法，并通过对坦克行走运动和红细胞降落伞形变形的数值模拟，验证了该方法的有效性。假设红细胞轴对称变形的近似方法在某些情况下是有用的。在此基础上，给出了红细胞在微通道内的轴对称变形的基本方程，并对红细胞在微通道内的流动进行了数值模拟。将所得结果与二维结果进行了比较，验证了轴对称变形理论的适用性。为了验证计算结果，我们对红细胞作为毛细血管模型通过微通道阵列的行为和变形性进行了体外实验。观察红细胞的变形和恢复过程，并进行理论分析。通过对气道基底膜进行建模，获得合理的膜特性，明确了在小时间尺度现象下需要考虑膜的粘性效应，并在验证实验的基础上提出了膜阻尼系数的估计方法。通过计算模拟红细胞在微机械臂中变形后的杨氏模量，得到红细胞与通道壁的接触特性。并对MEMS采血系统的血流量进行了观察，验证了系统的适用性。少

Practical two-dimensional, axi-symmetric and three-dimensional calculation methods by means of the immersed boundary method were shown in order to solve the coupled problem between flow of blood plasma and deformation of red blood cell in the flow channel as a model of micro-channel in biochips. In the immersed boundary method, the membrane of red blood cell is treated as body force in the flow equation. Therefore, by incorporating the structural analysis program into user-subroutine of flow analysis software whose code is highly tuned, it is possible to increase efficiencies of making program and calculation speed remarkably. Such a method was proposed and the effectiveness of the method was shown by performing numerical simulations of the tank-treading motion and the parachute-shaped deformation of red blood cell. Approximation method assuming axi-symmetric deformation of red blood cell will be useful in some situations. Then, basic equations for axi-symmetric deformation of membrane … More of red blood cell were shown and numerical simulation of the deformation of red blood cell flowing in the micro-channel was performed. The results thus obtained were compared with two-dimensional results and applicability of the axi-symmetric deformation theory was checked. In order to validate the calculation results, in-vitro experiment was carried out on the behavior and the deformability of red blood cell passing through micro-channel array as a model of blood capillary. Deformation and recovery process of the red blood cell was observed and theoretical analysis was performed. Through modeling of basement membrane of the airway to obtain reasonable membrane characteristics, it was clarified that viscous effect of the membrane is necessary to take into account in small time-scale phenomena, and the estimation method of the damping coefficient of the membrane was proposed based on validation experiment. Young's modulus of modeled red blood cell was calculated which was deformed in the micro-manipulator in order to obtain contact characteristics of red blood cell with channel wall. Furthermore, blood flow in blood collecting system fabricated by MEMS was observed and the applicability was checked. Less