Naturalization of the South Pacific in British and American Literature

本研究旨在从“归化”的角度分析19世纪英美文学中南太平洋地区的意识形态变迁，着重探讨维多利亚中后期冒险小说中波利尼西亚女性的形象塑造及其与历史和理想背景的契合与背离。库克船长和布干维尔的记录所提供的知识刺激了欧洲人创造一个想象中的男性性欲可以得到满足的地方，这种想象被后来的英美文学作品继承、改变和修改。与赫尔曼梅尔维尔和R. M.史蒂文森在19世纪90年代的南海小说中，对跨种族事件的描写似乎有着更为精细的操作。村上的研究是对美国南太平洋文学的生态批评解读：土著人和风景在梅尔维尔和杰克伦敦的小说中是如何同时被异化和熟悉的。特别是两个“Typee“的不同，不仅表明作者对太平洋的承诺，也代表了他们对自然的态度。该项目促成了2006年岩波书店出版的Epeli Hau'ofa的《Nederends中的吻》。尽管标题幽默，但它批判性地处理了西方殖民主义和群岛的现状，更重要的是，试图颠覆欧洲对南太平洋的想法。

The purpose of this project is to analyze the ideological transformation of the south pacific in the 19th-century British and American literature in terms of "Naturalization".Yamamoto focused on figurative configurations of the Polynesian female in adventure novels during the mid-and late-Victorian era and on their correspondences with and deviations from the historical and ideal background. The knowledge provided by Captain Cook's and Bougainville's records stimulated Europeans to create an imaginary place where male sexual desire could be fulfilled, and the imagination was inherited, altered, and modified by British and American literary works thereafter. Compared with Herman Melville and R. M. Ballantyne, Robert Louis Stevenson appears to perform more elaborate manipulations in the description of transracial affairs, when we read his South Sea novels in 1890's.Murakami's research was on eco-critical interpretations of American south pacific literature: how native people and landscapes are simultaneously alienated and familiarized in the novels of Melville and Jack London. Especially, the difference in two "Typee"s not only suggests the authors' commitments to the pacific but also represents their attitudes towards nature.This project contributed to the publication of Epeli Hau'ofa's Kisses in the Nederends by Iwanami Shoten in 2006. In spite of its humorous title, it critically deals with Western colonialism and current situations in the islands, and, more importantly, attempts to subvert European ideas about the south pacific.