Principles of Changes in Conditional Expressions in Modern Kansai Japanese

本研究的目的是调查大阪现代语言中条件表达的使用情况及其具体变化，并探讨这些变化的原因。具体方法和结果如下：1.作为现代关西日语文献整理的一部分，对大正时期和昭和早期留声机上记录的16个大阪乐歌故事进行了转录。2.通过将留声机录音与乐歌讲故事的速记进行比较，确定了乐歌的语言属性，重点是条件表达。研究表明，速记具有书面语特有的保守性，并能有效地观察到在录音中很少观察到的某种语言用法。3.随着明治时代的到来，作为连词的Tara开始比Nara，to和虚拟形式+ba在某些情况下使用得更频繁。然而，应该补充的是，根据虚拟语气表达的用法，转换的时间上存在差异，在一些地区，to和虚拟语气+ba的形式继续使用。这是大阪方言/龟形语言简化或过渡到分析性语言的一个例子，并提供了一种可以理解区域语言变化的典型方式。

The objectives of this study were to investigate the usage of conditional expressions in modern language in Osaka and their specific changes and to examine the reasons for the changes. The specific methods and results were as follows :1.As part of the arrangement of documents on modern Kansai Japanese, 16 Osaka rakugo tales recorded on phonograph in the Taisho and the early Showa periods were transcribed.2.Based on a comparison between the phonograph recordings and the shorthand transcriptions of rakugo storytelling, the linguistic properties that rakugo has were identified, focused on conditional expressions. It was demonstrated that shorthand transcriptions have a conservative nature peculiar to written language and that a certain language usage seldom observed in recordings can be effectively observed the transcriptions.3.With the advent of the Meiji period, tara as a conjunctive particle begins to be more often used than nara, to and a subjunctive form + ba in some cases of the usages of subjunctive conditions. It should be added, however, that there were temporal differences of the transition depending on the usages of subjunctive expressions and in some regions to and a subjunctive form + ba continued to be used. This is an example of the simplification or the transition to an analytic language of the Osaka dialect/the Kamigata language and provides a typical way in which changes in regional languages can be understood.