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Role of GW182 proteins in miRNA-mediated gene silencing

GW182 蛋白在 miRNA 介导的基因沉默中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
47428588
负责人：
Dr. Elisa Izaurralde (†)
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Biochemie (aufgelöst)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Units
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2006-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/47428588?language=en
关键词：
Role GW182 proteins miRNA mediated

项目摘要

MicroRNAs are genome-encoded small RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and play critical roles in a wide range of important biological processes including cell growth, division and differentiation. To exert their regulatory function, miRNAs associate with Argonaute proteins (AGOs) to form RNA-induced silencing complexes (miRISCs), which repress translation and/or trigger degradation of target mRNAs. The proteins required for miRNA biogenesis (i.e. Drosha and Dicer) are well characterized, as are the Argonaute proteins involved in the effector step of silencing. In addition, genetic screens and biochemical purifications in diverse organisms identified additional factors required for miRNA expression and function. Some of these factors are species, target or miRNA specific; others play a general role in miRNA-mediated gene silencing and are conserved in diverse organisms. Amongst proteins that play a general role, those in the GW182 family have emerged as key components of miRNA repressive complexes in animal cells. The aim of this project is to understand the precise molecular function of GW182 proteins in the miRNA pathway.

MicroRNA是基因组编码的小RNA，其在转录后调节基因表达，并且在包括细胞生长、分裂和分化在内的广泛的重要生物过程中发挥关键作用。为了发挥其调节功能，miRNA与Argonaute蛋白（AGO）结合形成RNA诱导的沉默复合物（miRISC），其抑制靶mRNA的翻译和/或触发靶mRNA的降解。miRNA生物发生所需的蛋白质（即Drosha和Dicer）已得到很好的表征，参与效应子沉默步骤的Argonaute蛋白也是如此。此外，在不同生物体中的遗传筛选和生化纯化鉴定了miRNA表达和功能所需的其他因子。这些因子中的一些是物种、靶标或miRNA特异性的;其他因子在miRNA介导的基因沉默中起一般作用，并且在不同的生物体中是保守的。在发挥一般作用的蛋白质中，GW 182家族中的蛋白质已成为动物细胞中miRNA抑制复合物的关键组分。该项目的目的是了解GW 182蛋白在miRNA途径中的精确分子功能。