Journey-to-work Travel Behavior and Urban Structure

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A characteristic of a more sustainable city is one where commuting trip-lengths are decreasing over time, not increasing. Traffic generated from residential land uses and traffic attracted to employment zones contributes the most to person kilometers of travel. The fundamental importance of the average length of commuting trips as a measure of sustainability is widely recognized by researchers.We develop a suitable quantitative method to summarize the degree of sustainability based on the application of the optimal commuting assignment problem. The travel performance efficiency index has been defined as a performance indicator based on the relationship between the actual mean journey-to-work trip length and minimum and maximum trip length given the spatial distribution of homes and workplaces. The index is tested with data for many cities in Hokkaido. The index allows comparisons of the direction of the sustainability of travel behavior in a city over time to be charted, and comparison … More s of relative efficiency across cities.As the journey-to-work trip length depends on the urban structure and travel behavior, we construct a mathematical model based on the optimal commuting assignment problem. An optimal commuting assignment problem is applied based on a model of zonal travel preference functions. The preference functions are transformed into quadratic functions using data for the journey-to-work. The model is applied to estimate mean trip lengths from different zonal distributions of employment. The influence which the variation of homes and workplaces exert on the trip length of journey-to-work travel is analyzed based on this mathematical model. The analysis is repeated for the effect of different scenarios for the spatial distribution of employment and the location of employment centers on the resulting journey-to-work trip lengths. These analyses are aimed to better understand how the spatial distribution of homes and work places may influence the sustainability of commuting trips. Less