权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Neuroethological study of the wavelength-discriminat ion in the extraocular phtoreceptor.

眼外光感受器波长辨别的神经行为学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
17570060
负责人：
TAMOTSU Satoshi
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Nara Women's University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is widely accepted that pineal organ is photosensitive in lower vertebrates. The pineal organ contains photoreceptor cells and photic information obtained by the photoreceptors is transmitted to the central nervous system via second-order neurons, ganglion cells, in the pineal organ. Two types of ganglion cells have been identified, namely, achromatic-and chromatic-type ganglion cell. The achromatic-type ganglion cell is spontaneously active in darkness and is inhibited by visible light. The spike discharge from pineal ganglion cells of chromatic type is suppressed by UV light and excited by light of middle to long wavelengths. The chromatic responses allow the pineal complex to detect the ratio of UV light to visible light in environmental light, which achieves the wavelength-discrimination in the pineal complex independently of eyes. However, the function of the chromatic-type ganglion cell is unknown. We investigated the effect of UV and green light on swimming action using the sand lamprey, Lethenteron reissneri. At first, we electrophysiologically demonstrated that the chromatic ganglion cell was found in the pineal of the sand lamprey. Subsequently, we recorded the swimming movement of the lamprey under irradiation of UV and green light by use of video camera, and analyzed it by the computer. As results, The UV irradiation activated the swimming movement, and the UV-induced swimming movement disappeared by the pinealectomy. Those suggested that the chromatic information form the pineal organ regulated the swimming locomotor activity in the lamprey.

在低等脊椎动物中，松果体具有感光性已被广泛接受。松果体器官包含感光细胞，并且由感光细胞获得的光信息经由松果体器官中的二级神经元（神经节细胞）传递到中枢神经系统。已经鉴定出两种类型的神经节细胞，即无色型和染色型神经节细胞。无色型神经节细胞在黑暗中自发活动，并被可见光抑制。彩色型松果体神经节细胞的棘波放电受紫外光的抑制，而受中长波长光的激发。色彩响应允许松果体复合体检测环境光中的UV光与可见光的比率，这实现了松果体复合体中独立于眼睛的波长辨别。然而，染色型神经节细胞的功能是未知的。研究了紫外光和绿色光对雷氏裸腹鳗（Lethenteronreissneri）游动行为的影响。首先，我们从电生理学的角度证实了七鳃鳗的松果体中存在染色神经节细胞。随后，我们用摄像机记录了七鳃鳗在紫外光和绿色光照射下的游泳运动，并通过计算机进行了分析。结果表明，紫外线照射激活了小鼠的游泳运动，切除松果体后，小鼠的游泳运动消失。这些结果表明，来自松果体的颜色信息调节七鳃鳗的游泳运动活动。