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豪雨による土砂崩壊の予測に関する研究

暴雨滑坡预报研究

基本信息

批准号：
01601027
负责人：
道上正規
金额：
$ 10.88万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

豪雨による土砂災害の予測に関して、これまでの結果とあわせて、以下のような本研究の成果が得られた。1.斜面地下水の集中流の機構:降雨時の斜面内の地中水を観測した結果、斜面内部の飽和帯の発生後、基盤上部に集中流が発生すること、集中流の流路のパイプ状孔隙が降雨の繰り返しによって、発生、発達及び消滅すること、降雨前は地中流が鉛直下向きであったのが、斜面全体が飽和状態になったとき側方流が顕著になることが明らかにされた。また、土層を代表する透水係数は、通常の透水試験で得られる値より大きいことがわかった。2.崩壊発生時刻の予測:タンクモデル法及び危険降雨量法によって、まさ土地帯の斜面崩壊発生時刻の予測を試みた結果、土層の透水係数によってその限界値は異なるものの、これらの手法が崩壊発生時刻の予測に適用できることが判明した。さらに、浸透流解析と無限長斜面の安定計算に基づく崩壊発生予測モデルにおいては、斜面方向の透水係数を通常の飽和透水係数より10倍大きくし、かつ不飽和側方流を考慮する必要性を指摘した。3.崩壊発生位置の予測:崩壊発生位置の予測のため、六甲山系でデータベースの構築を行なった。情報としては、50m方格メッシュで、地質、傾斜、標高、集水面積、斜面の3次元形状、土地利用条件などが得られている。これらの資料より、崩壊可能度のランク付けを数値で示すとともに、崩壊の発生周期、崩壊地の回復、新規発生についても検討し、崩壊の消失や新規の崩壊の発生が比較的急激に起こっていることがわかった。4.崩壊規模と危険範囲の予測:崩壊規模や到達距離の実態について検討した結果、到達距離は斜面の高さ程度のものがほとんどで、せいぜい斜面高の2倍程度までである。また、崩壊土砂の流動に関する運動方程式を考察し、エネルギー散逸を評価した抵抗則を導き、崩土の速度分布、濃度分布および堆積形状を明らかにした。

The heavy rain caused serious damage to the soil and sand, and the results showed that the results of this study were successful. 1. The mechanism of concentrated flow of groundwater in the inclined plane: the results of the middle water cycle in the inclined plane during rainfall, the growth of the inside and outside of the slope, the concentrated flow in the upper part of the slope, and the concentrated flow in the upper part of the slope. The pores of the concentrated flow are in the shape of the rain, and the rainfall returns to the rain, the generation, arrival and dissipation of the rain, the mid-stream of the ground is straight down before the rainfall. The slope of the whole body and the shape of the plane are in the direction of the square flow. Soil and soil denote the number of pervious water, which is usually known as pervious water, which is usually known as the number of pervious water. two。 The results of the test results are given at the moment of the collapse of the soil, the number of permeable water of the soil, the limit of the limit, the method of the crash, the method of the collapse, the method of the fire, the method of the collapse, the method of the crash, the method of collapse, the method of collapse, The calculation of slope stability with unlimited length of slope and permeable flow analysis is based on the fact that the base collapse is due to the temperature field, the water permeability in the slope direction is usually high, and the permeability is 10 times as large as that in the bevel direction. It is necessary to criticize the necessity of testing. 3. The location of the avalanche is affected by the position of the plant: the position of the plant is located in the mountain system of Liujia Mountain. The three-dimensional shape of the slope, the square of 50m, the ground, the slope, the height, the catchment, the three-dimensional shape of the slope, the conditions of land use, and the conditions of land use. The number of statistics on data storage and probability of collapse shows that the health cycle of a crash, the birth cycle of a crash, the return of a collapse, the birth of a new disease, the disappearance of a collapse, and the disappearance of a collapse are due to the emergency of the health comparison of collapse and collapse. 4. The hazard range of the collapse rule is predicted: the collapse model is far away from the status of the model, and the height of the slope is much higher than that of the bevel, and the height of the slope is 2 times higher. Compaction and collapse of soil and sand flow and movement equations are investigated, and the velocity distribution and degree distribution of soil collapse are measured. The shape of the pile is clear.