Understanding and modulating the microbiome and resistome in animal hospital buildings.

了解和调节动物医院建筑中的微生物组和耐药组。

• 批准号: 493314252
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Claudia Guldimann, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/493314252?language=en
• 关键词: Understanding; modulating; microbiome; resistome; animal

The World Health Organisation has defined a global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis, with antibiotic use in humans and food animals as important drivers of AMR. Hospitals can become reservoirs of AMR bacteria by harboring them long-term in niches like floor cracks, drains and sinks. Transfer from hospital surfaces to patients, mainly due to suboptimal hygiene, is well documented. AMR bacteria are hard to eliminate from building features and desperate measures such as replacing the plumbing are regularly taken to stop outbreaks in hospitals. In contrast to human clinics and food animals, there is much less data on AMR in companion animal clinics and no official monitoring or reporting. At the same time and in analogy to human hospitals, AMR poses a major challenge in companion animal clinics and harbors the risk of spillover to humans through animal contacts. This project seizes a unique research opportunity to study the dynamics of AMR in veterinary hospitals: two state-of-the-art companion animal clinics will move to new buildings in 2021/2022. We aim to i) understand the dynamics of the microbiome and resistome as these new buildings come into use and ii) apply microbial-based cleaning products (MBCP’s) as an innovative strategy to modulate the resident microbiome. The microbiomes (the sum of bacteria present in a sample) and resistomes (the sum of genes encoding AMR present in the microbiome) in both clinics will be monitored before and after the move to new buildings. High-risk areas for the transfer of AMR bacteria to patients will be defined and MBCPs will be evaluated for their capacity to prevent or reduce AMR in animal hospital microbiomes. The concept of hygiene is radically rethought with MBCPs. By applying spores of food-grade, apathogenic Bacillus species to hospital surfaces, trials in human hospitals have seen remarkable success in remodeling the microbiome towards less pathogenic, less AMR species. To our knowledge, this is the first project to apply MBCPs in companion animal clinics.Output from this work will provide much needed insight into the dynamics of animal clinic microbiomes / resistomes to help better understand risk factors for animal and human health. It will also provide data on the use of MBCP’s in animal clinics to answer critical questions: can they be safely and successfully applied to reduce AMR bacteria in the animal hospital environment? The resulting data will be an important contribution to inform science-driven decisions in the growing need to mitigate health care associated infections in humans and animals alike.

世界卫生组织定义了全球抗菌素耐药性(AMR)危机，人类和食用动物使用抗生素是AMR的重要驱动因素。医院可能会将AMR细菌长期存放在地板裂缝、排水沟和水槽等缝隙中，从而成为AMR细菌的蓄水池。从医院表面转移到病人身上，主要是由于卫生条件不佳，有很好的文献记载。AMR细菌很难从建筑功能中消除，人们经常采取紧急措施，如更换管道，以阻止医院爆发疫情。与人类诊所和食用动物相比，同伴动物诊所关于AMR的数据要少得多，也没有官方监测或报告。与此同时，类似于人类医院，AMR对同伴动物诊所构成了重大挑战，并存在通过动物接触向人类蔓延的风险。该项目抓住了一个独特的研究机会，研究兽医医院的AMR动态：两个最先进的伴侣动物诊所将于2021/2022年搬迁到新建筑。我们的目标是：i)了解随着这些新建筑投入使用时微生物群和阻力群的动态，以及ii)应用基于微生物的清洁产品(MBCP)作为一种创新策略来调节常驻微生物群。两个诊所的微生物群(样本中存在的细菌总数)和耐药性(微生物群中编码AMR的基因总数)将在搬迁到新建筑之前和之后进行监测。将确定AMR细菌向患者传播的高风险区域，并将评估MBCP预防或减少动物医院微生物群AMR的能力。随着MBCP的实施，卫生概念得到了彻底的重新思考。通过将食品级、非致病原性芽孢杆菌的孢子应用于医院表面，在人类医院的试验中，人们已经看到了显著的成功，将微生物群重塑为致病性较低、AMR较少的物种。据我们所知，这是第一个将MBCP应用于动物临床的项目。这项工作的结果将为深入了解动物诊所微生物群/耐药组的动态提供必要的见解，以帮助更好地了解动物和人类健康的风险因素。它还将提供在动物诊所使用MBCP的数据，以回答关键问题：它们能否安全和成功地应用于减少动物医院环境中的AMR细菌？由此产生的数据将是一项重要贡献，有助于为科学驱动的决策提供信息，以减少人类和动物中与医疗保健相关的感染的需求日益增长。