Atom Optics (Technical Application of Laser Cooling)

我们在原子光学的三个领域工作过。（1）清水研究组的原子光学元件的发展，（2）中川研究组的Rb BEC原子芯片的研究，（3）森永研究组的原子干涉术。(1)利用超冷亚稳态氖原子束演示了各种成分。利用静电透镜实现了原子束的聚焦，利用SiN薄膜制作的透射型全息图实现了原子束的任意构图。通过在SiN薄膜全息图上沉积电极，实现了原子全息像的真实的时间控制。该小组还首次在实验上验证了固体表面上的量子反射。此外，他们还发现，通过对滑动表面进行改性，可以显著提高反射率。这一结果已用于制作反射式全息图、分束器和一维聚焦透镜。(2)Nakagawa的小组开发了一种铷BEC（该国的第三种）。考虑到从BEC装载原子，他们建造了一个原子芯片，由携带电流的微型电线组成，以引导和捕获原子。对激光冷却原子加载进行了初步实验验证。该小组还致力于铷原子干涉仪，旨在测量重力G常数。(3)Morinaga的小组研究了热钙原子干涉仪和激光冷却钠原子干涉仪。使用钙，他们测量Aharonov-Casher相移，准确度优于3%。他们用钠演示了时域多重干涉仪，其精细度优于100。

We have worked in three areas of atom optics. (1)The development of atom optics components by Shimizu's group, (2)the study of atom chips with Rb BEC by Nakagawa's group, and (3)atom interferometries by Morinaga's group. (1) Various components were demonstrated by using an ultra-cold metastable neon atomic beam. The focusing of an atomic beam with a static electric lens, arbitrary patterning of an atomic beam with a transmission type hologram made of SiN thin film were demonstrated. By depositing electrodes on the hologram of the SiN film we demonstrated real time control of holographic image of atoms. The group also experimentally verified quantum reflection on a solid surface for the first time. Furthermore, they found mat the reflectivity can be improved remarkably by modifying me slid surface. This result was applied to make a reflective type hologram, beam splitter and one dimensional focusing lens. (2) Nakagawa's group developed a rubidium BEC (the third in this country). Loading of atoms from BEC in mind, they constructed an atom chip consisting of miniature wires carrying current to guide and trap atoms. Preliminary experiment of loading laser cooled atoms was verified. The group also worked on a rubidium atom interferometer that is aimed to measure gravity G constant. (3) Morinaga's group studied on a thermal calcium atom interferometer and a laser cooled sodium atom interferometer. With calcium they measured Aharonov-Casher phase shift with an accuracy better than 3%. With sodium they demonstrated time-domain multiple interferometer that had a finesse better than 100.