Studies on Nonperturbative Effects in Superstring Theory Using Matrix Models

在这个项目中，首席研究员Y.Kitazawa将矩阵模型应用于旨在微观理解引力的研究中，该模型是超弦理论的非微扰形式的一个很有前途的候选者。特别是，他研究了与超重力中的自由度耦合的顶点算符的结构，包括费米子自由度。S.ISO提出了一种新的推导黑洞霍金辐射的方法，该方法基于视界附近的量子反常，同时考虑了黑洞的量子性质和因果性质。J.西村基于矩阵模型的分析，研究了超弦理论中的非微扰动力学和非对易时空。特别是，他阐明了平移对称性的自发破缺，它规范了非对易几何上的理论，并证明了在这种情况下存在非平凡的连续统极限。H.青木，与S.Iso，…利用满足Ginsparg-Wilson关系的Dirac算子，进一步给出了二维模糊球面上任意背景场的投影算子的指数定理。K.Hamada构建了一个基于共形量子引力的宇宙演化场景，在该场景中，共形不变的宇宙经历了一个膨胀时代，在源于渐近自由的动力学尺度上经历了向经典时空的跃迁。此外，他从包含路径积分测量的量子反常效应的有效作用出发，导出了演化方程，并模拟了引力量子涨落的演化。他得到了时空过渡点的能谱，并计算了温度涨落的能谱，这与WMAP的数据很好地吻合。特别是，他评估了J/Psi抑制，这是夸克-胶子等离子体的特征现象。较少

In this project, the head investigator Y. Kitazawa applied the matrix model, which is a promising candidate for nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory, to the studies aiming at microscopic understanding of gravity. In particular, he studied the structure of vertex operators which couples to the degrees of freedom in supergravity, including fermionic degrees of freedom.S. Iso proposed a new derivation of the Hawking radiation arising from black holes based on considerations of the quantum anomaly near the horizon, taking account of both the quantum nature and the causal nature of black holes.J. Nishimura studied non-perturbative dynamics in superstring theory and noncommutative space time based on analyzes of matrix models. In particular, he clarified the spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry, which gauge theories on noncommutative geometry exhibits, and demonstrated the existence of a nontrivial continuum limit under such circumstances.H. Aoki, together with S. Iso, … More formulated the index theorem with projection operators for arbitrary background fields on the 2d fuzzy sphere using the Dirac operator satisfying the Ginsparg-Wilson relation. This enables the classification of configurations into the topological sectors.K. Hamada constructed a scenario of the universe evolution based on conformal quantum gravity, in which conformally invariant universe, through an inflation era, undergoes a transition into a classical space time at the dynamical scale originating from the asymptotic freedom. Furthermore, he derived an evolution equation from the effective action including the quantum anomaly effects from the path integral measure, and simulated the evolution of the quantum fluctuation of gravity. He obtained the spectrum at the space-time transition point, and calculated the spectrum of temperature fluctuations, which agreed nicely with the WMAP data.M. Natsuume studied the plasma phase of gauge theory using the AdS/CFT duality. In particular, he evaluated the J/Psi suppression, which is a characteristic phenomenon of the quark-gluon plasma. Less