Functional dissection of resistance mechanisms used in grapevine breeding programs for durable resistance to downy mildew

葡萄树育种计划中使用的抗霜霉病持久抗性机制的功能剖析

• 批准号: 504993256
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jochen Bogs
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Dienstleistungszentrum Ländlicher Raum Rheinpfalz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/504993256?language=en
• 关键词: Functional; dissection; resistance; mechanisms; used

Downy mildew (DM), caused by the Oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is a major grapevine disease. DM leads to an intensive use of fungicides in viticulture, which impacts environment and health. In order to reduce fungicide use, breeding programs in both Germany and France have introgressed resistance loci from wild Vitis species into cultivated grapevine, resulting in new vine cultivars resistant to DM. However, the resistance mechanisms mediated by these loci are poorly characterized. Recent resistant vine varieties combine at least two independent resistance loci to DM, in order to limit the risk of resistance breakdown, which has been observed previously. Using a combination of genetic and molecular approaches together with high precision phenotyping techniques, French and German partners will explore the functional diversity of defense mechanisms associated to DM-resistance genes, in order to optimize their combination in new grapevine varieties for improved durability of resistance.

由Oomycete Plasmopara Viticola引起的Downy Mildew（DM）是一种主要的葡萄病。 DM导致在葡萄栽培中大量使用杀菌剂，从而影响环境和健康。为了减少杀菌剂的使用，德国和法国的育种计划都将野生叶炎的耐药性基因座渗入了培养的葡萄藤，从而导致了对DM耐药性的新葡萄树。但是，这些基因座介导的电阻机制的特征很差。最近的耐药品种将至少两个独立的抗性基因座与DM结合在一起，以限制耐药性崩溃的风险，这先前已经观察到。法国和德国伴侣将遗传和分子方法与高精度表型技术结合在一起，将探索与DM抗性基因相关的防御机制的功能多样性，以优化其在新的葡萄品种中的组合，以提高耐药性的耐用性。