Molecular mechanisms and functions of structural changes of protein GPI-anchors

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GPI-anchor is a glycolipid acts as a membrane anchor of many eukaryotic cell surface proteins. In this study, we aimed to clarify (1) mechanisms and biological significance of fatty acid remodeling of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-AP); (2) mechanism and biological significance of 1-alkyl, 2-acyl form of GPI anchors; and (3) roles of GPI structural remodeling in transport of GPI-AP. We found (1) that GPI fatty acid remodeling is important for homeostasis of humoral immunity; (2) that 1-alkyl, 2-acyl form of GPI anchors is defective in major peroxisome disorders; and (3) that proper remodeling of GPI-AP is critical for association with their cargo receptors and efficient transport.