Controlling of elemental distribution by holographic laser processing

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Based on experimental results obtained for various types of glass, it was found that the tendency in the elemental distribution depended on the strength of the bond. The temperature gradient should be responsible for element migration, i.e., this phenomenon should be interpreted as thermomigration. In the case of the phosphate glass, it was also confirmed that Ge and Ga were moved to the center in the laser irradiated area. With this phenomenon, an optical waveguide was formed and we succeeded in guiding light through it. Additionally, space-selective crystallization of nonlinear optical crystal inside glass was achieved. It was also confirmed that various shapes of element distribution can be produced by making multiple irradiated points with a LCOS-SLM. The spatial distribution of glass components is very important for controlling the property of glass, because the composition of a glass affects its chemical, mechanical and optical properties.