The West Portals of Notre-Dame in Paris

巴黎圣母院西大门

• 批准号: 508402959
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stephan Albrecht
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Kunstgeschichte, insb. für Mittelalterliche Kunstgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/508402959?language=en
• 关键词: West; Portals; Notre; Dame; Paris

The West Portals of Notre-Dame in ParisThe research project focuses on the west façade of Notre-Dame in Paris with its complex three-portal system. Unlike any other French Gothic building, the portals are so consistently integrated into an overarching order that fuses the facade into a single unit. At the same time, on close inspection, the differences between the individual portals are unusually great. Each portal differs in its combination of architecture and sculpture, proportion, formal conception, technical construction, and, finally, figural style. Even the design of the pedestal zones is solved differently in all three portals. Unity and diversity of artistic solutions go hand in hand on the Paris west facade.While the unity of the façade has always been emphasized by researchers as a special quality, the diversity appeared to be a problem. It was explained by reasons of architectural history: rapid successive changes of plan and altered stylistic ideas would ultimately have led unintentionally to a non-uniform, asymmetrical juxtaposition. This assessment may be the reason why, although individual studies exist on each portal, the context has rarely been investigated.Contrary to research opinion, the project assumes that the facade was executed in parallel by three different sculptor's studios without major modifications according to a uniform basic design. An exact measurement of the portal zone, which will be made in the course of the investigation, serves as a basis for argumentation. These plans allow conclusions to be drawn about the drafts and the practical execution of the facade. Absolute measurements play a special role in the question of the design: the radii of the archivolts, the angles of the portal bays, the width and the proportions of the portals. Is there a common basic dimension? Are the geometries of the portals coordinated? At the same time, it will have to be clarified to what extent the facade is oriented according to the specifications of the nave. The study of the construction will then work out how the design was transferred to the cutting of the individual stone blocks. How were the requirements of figurative sculpture reconciled with the geometric conception? To what extent does the iconography determine the dimension of the stone blocks? Is there a relationship between stone format and content?The west façade of the Paris Cathedral remained undamaged in the fire, but cleaning is necessary in the course of reconstruction. In this context, all parts of the facades, inside and out, will be freely accessible from the fall of 2022. This offers a unique historical opportunity for an investigation close to the object. Results can be expected that will be fundamental not only for the understanding of Notre-Dame, but also for the portal in the Middle Ages.

巴黎圣母院西大门研究项目以巴黎圣母院西立面为研究对象，其复杂的三门体系。与任何其他法国哥特式建筑不同，门户是如此一致地整合到一个整体秩序中，将立面融合成一个单一的单元。与此同时，仔细观察，各个门户网站之间的差异异常巨大。每个门户在建筑和雕塑的组合，比例，形式概念，技术结构以及最后的图形风格方面都有所不同。甚至基座区域的设计在所有三个门户中也以不同的方式解决。在巴黎西立面上，艺术解决方案的统一性和多样性齐头并进。虽然立面的统一性一直被研究者强调为一种特殊的品质，但多样性似乎是一个问题。这是由建筑历史的原因来解释的：计划的快速连续变化和改变的风格理念最终会无意中导致不均匀，不对称的并置。这种评估可能是为什么，虽然每个门户都有单独的研究，但背景却很少被调查的原因。与研究意见相反，该项目假设立面是由三个不同的雕塑家工作室根据统一的基本设计并行执行的，没有重大修改。将在调查过程中对入口区进行精确测量，作为论证的基础。这些计划允许得出关于立面的草案和实际执行的结论。绝对测量在设计问题中起着特殊的作用：拱门的半径，门户海湾的角度，门户的宽度和比例。是否有一个共同的基本维度？入口的几何形状是否协调？与此同时，它将不得不澄清在多大程度上是面向根据中殿的规格。对建筑的研究将研究出设计是如何转移到单个石块的切割上的。具象雕塑的要求如何与几何概念相协调？在多大程度上，图像决定了石块的尺寸？石头的格式和内容之间有关系吗？巴黎大教堂的西立面在火灾中没有受损，但在重建过程中有必要进行清洁。在这种情况下，从2022年秋季开始，外墙的所有部分，无论是内部还是外部，都将免费开放。这为接近该物体的调查提供了一个独特的历史机会。可以预期的结果将是根本的，不仅为圣母院的理解，而且为在中世纪的门户网站。