Local pathways to the Fluvial Anthroposphere at Echaz (Rhine) and Eger (Danube). A comparative analysis from c. AD 1100 to 1800

埃查斯（莱茵河）和埃格尔（多瑙河）通往河流人类圈的当地通道。

• 批准号: 509893043
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Peter Frenzel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/509893043?language=en
• 关键词: Local; pathways; Fluvial; Anthroposphere; Echaz

Our project aims to explore the evolution of local pathways to the Fluvial Anthroposphere and the underlying socio-ecological processes during the medieval and pre-industrial modern periods. It will provide a comprehensive multidisciplinary description of fluvial societies and floodplains analysed from the perspectives of a number of interconnected thematic fields combining archaeology, geosciences and history. In order to distinguish local exceptions from general trends, the floodplains of two comparable third order karst rivers in southern Germany, the Echaz (Rhine) and the Eger (Danube) with their tributaries, which nowadays are distinct Fluvial Anthropospheres, will be systematically compared. From c. AD 1100 to 1800, urban agents, the nobility, monastic communities and communes radically restructured both floodplains with individual local pathways. We will focus on six thematic objectives and key hypotheses: First, we will analyse hydropower exploitation. We hypothesise that specific local chronologies and distribution intensities led to individual path dependencies and impacts on floodplains and fluvial societies with several formative phases. Second, we will reconstruct the impact of urban craft and waste disposal on floodplain pollution. We hypothesise that towns are the main pre-industrial contaminators with a specific downstream pollution footprint that increased significantly over the course of the 13th to 15th century. Third, we will reconstruct the evolution of channel engineering. We hypothesise that hydropower facilities, urban water management and floodplain land use produced a distinct spatial pattern of artificial channels, with a particularly formative phase during the 13th-14th centuries. Fourth, we will reconstruct floodplain land use. We hypothesise that from the 12th-13th centuries extensively grazed wet meadows were transformed into managed water meadows and drained fields, with distinct chrono-spatial patterns and associated local effects. Fifth, we will reconstruct the human impacts on aquatic fauna. We hypothesise that channel engineering, hydropower exploitation, fishing and water pollution had a significant impact on aquatic biodiversity and that this impact, its individual spatial pattern and social consequences can be detected through various archives from the 13th-14th century onwards. Sixth, we will analyse the rights of and conflicts between different fluvial agents. We hypothesise that individual interests led to local pathways towards the Fluvial Anthroposphere, with the 13th-14th centuries being a particularly formative phase. Using a multidisciplinary approach and integrating the evaluation of our key hypotheses, we will elucidate the specific chronological and spatial patterns of the emerging Fluvial Anthroposphere from c. AD 1100 to 1800. This will be based on new indices of anthropogenic impacts and sophisticated spatiotemporal modelling to guarantee transferable and scalable results.

我们的项目旨在探索在中世纪和工业化前的现代时期，河流人类圈和潜在的社会生态过程的地方途径的演变。它将从考古学、地球科学和历史相结合的一些相互关联的专题领域的角度对河流社会和洪泛区进行全面的多学科描述。为了区分局部例外的一般趋势，在德国南部，Echaz（莱茵河）和埃格（多瑙河）与其支流，这是现在不同的河流人类圈的两个可比较的三级岩溶河流的洪泛平原，将进行系统的比较。梭公元1100年至1800年，城市代理人，贵族，修道院社区和公社从根本上重建了两个河漫滩与个别地方路径。我们将重点关注六个主题目标和关键假设：首先，我们将分析水电开发。我们假设，特定的地方年表和分布强度导致个人路径的依赖性和影响洪泛平原和河流社会的几个形成阶段。第二，我们将重建城市工艺和废物处理对洪泛区污染的影响。我们假设，城镇是主要的工业化前污染源，特定的下游污染足迹在13至15世纪显著增加。第三，我们将重建渠道工程的演变。我们假设，水电设施，城市水资源管理和洪泛区土地利用产生了一个独特的人工渠道的空间格局，特别是在13 - 14世纪的形成阶段。四是改造滩地用地。我们假设，从12 - 13世纪广泛放牧的湿草甸被改造成管理水草甸和排水领域，具有不同的时空格局和相关的本地影响。第五，我们将重建人类对水生动物的影响。我们假设，渠道工程，水电开发，渔业和水污染对水生生物多样性产生了重大影响，这种影响，其个人的空间格局和社会后果可以通过各种档案从13 - 14世纪起检测。第六，我们将分析不同河流代理人之间的权利和冲突。我们假设，个人利益导致了当地的河流人类圈的途径，与13 - 14世纪是一个特别的形成阶段。使用多学科的方法，并整合我们的关键假设的评估，我们将阐明特定的时间和空间模式的新兴河流人类圈从c。公元1100年至1800年。这将以人为影响的新指数和复杂的时空建模为基础，以保证可转让和可扩展的结果。