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Epigenetic controls of plant development and genome structure

植物发育和基因组结构的表观遗传控制

基本信息

批准号：
14GS0321
负责人：
KAKUTANI Tetsuji
金额：
$ 215.9万
依托单位：
National Institute of Genetics
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Creative Scientific Research
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

FWA has been identified as the gene responsible for a late-flowering epigenetic trait (Mol Cell 6, 791-). In this project, we examined expression of the FWA gene during normal development. The FWA gene was expressed specifically in endosperm in an imprinted manner. The tissue-specific and imprinted FWA expression depends on DNA methyltransferase MET1 and DNA demethylase DEMETER (Science 303, 521-). It was also shown that FT is the inducer of flowering (Science 309, 1052-), and the FWA affects flowering by inhibiting the FT function at the protein level (Plant Cell Physiol 48, 205-).We have previously shown that Arabidopsis CACTA transposons are silent in wild type, but they are mobilized in mutant of a chromatin remodeling gene DDM1 (decrease in DNA methylation) (Nature 411, 212-). In this project, we showed that the CACTA transposons transposed in the double mutants of CG methylase MET1 and non-CG methylase CMT3. The results suggest that DNA methylation is necessary for immobilization of this class of transposons (Curr Biol 13, 421-).Transcription of CACTA was de-repressed by mutations in the MET1 or a chromatin assembly factor FAS (Curr Biol 13, 421-, Genes to Cells 18, 153-). Heterochromatin in CACTA locus or other peri-centromeric sequences was disrupted by the ddml mutation, and this effect was heritable even in the wild type background (EMBO J 21, 6549-). Using this system, we also showed that each of CACTA transposition was not targeted to heterochromatin (Genetics 168, 961-). It is interesting how the transposons accumulate to form the heterochromatin.

FWA已被鉴定为负责晚开花表观遗传性状的基因（Mol Cell 6，791-）。在这个项目中，我们研究了FWA基因在正常发育过程中的表达。FWA基因在胚乳中以印迹方式特异表达。组织特异性和印迹FWA表达取决于DNA甲基转移酶MET 1和DNA脱甲基酶DEMETER（Science 303，521-）。FT是开花的诱导剂（Science 309，1052-），并且FWA通过在蛋白质水平上抑制FT功能来影响开花我们先前已经证明拟南芥CACTA转座子在野生型中是沉默的，但是它们在染色质重塑基因DDM 1的突变体中被移动（DNA甲基化减少）（Nature 411，212-）。在该项目中，我们证明了CACTA转座子在CG甲基酶MET 1和非CG甲基酶CMT 3的双突变体中转座。结果表明，DNA甲基化是固定这类转座子所必需的（Curr Biol 13，421-）ACTA的转录被MET 1或染色质组装因子FAS中的突变去抑制（Curr Biol 13，421-，Genes to Cells 18，153-）。在CACTA基因座或其他着丝粒周围序列中的异染色质被ddml突变破坏，并且这种效应即使在野生型背景中也是可遗传的（EMBO J 21，6549-）。使用该系统，我们还表明，每个CACTA转座不靶向异染色质（遗传学168，961-）。有趣的是转座子是如何积累形成异染色质的。