Dental Anthropological Study of the Central American Indian

在牙科领域，从牙齿人类学的角度更好地了解牙齿-颅面形态和咬合状况已成为必要的。蒙布霍国际科学研究计划在1982年利用秘鲁印第安人对蒙古人种进行了这方面的研究。1987年，墨西哥田野研究中心以中美洲印第安人为研究对象，进行了进一步的研究。2 10名现代中美洲印第安人和193名古代中美洲印第安人的头影、牙位X线片、牙科模型、照片和口腔检查记录。研究结果如下：1.头面部形态：现代中美洲印第安人面部高度较小，颅底和…深度较短它的下巴比北美白鲨的还要多。(2)眶周结构位置偏后，面前高度和下颌平面角小于日本人，与秘鲁印第安人相近。(3)下巴的深度和下巴的突起比古代中美洲印第安人短。牙弓形状和牙齿大小：现代中美洲印第安人有：(1)比北美白种人更宽的牙齿，而与秘鲁印第安人和日本人有相似的价值观。(2)与北美白种人相比，近远中冠直径较小的门牙、较大的前磨牙和磨牙。这一趋势与秘鲁印第安人相似。(3)与古代中美洲印第安人相比，在近远中冠径上有较小的牙齿。咬合关系与口内疾病：现代中美洲印第安人表现为：(1)上下颌磨牙近远中关系良好者占70%。(2)与秘鲁印第安人相比，患龋率和牙龈炎的发病率更高。较少

In the field of Dentistry,it has become a necessity to achieve a better understanding of both the dento-craniofacial morphology and the occlusal conditions from the dental-anthropological point of view. Previous research in this area has been carried out on the Mongoloid, using the Peruvian Indians, by the Monbusho Inter-national Scientific Research Program in 1982. Further research was conducted in 1987 by the Field Research in Mexico,using the Central American Indians as the subject. Their morphological characteristics were compared with those of the Peruvian Indians,the Japanese and the North American White.The sample consisted of cephalograms, pantomograms, dental casts, photos and records of oral examinations which were taken from 210 Modern Central American Indians and 193 Ancient Central American Indians.The findings were summarized as follows:1. Craniofacial morphology:The Modern Central American Indian showed: (1) smaller facial height and shorter depth of the cranial base and … More jaws than those of the North American White. (2)more posterior position of peri-orbital structures, and smaller values of anterior facial height and mandibular plane angle, in comparison with the Japanese, which were similar to the Peruvian Indians. (3)shorter depth of the jaws and prominence of the chin than the Ancient Central American Indians.2. Dental arch form and tooth sizs:The Modern Central American Indian had: (1)more wider dental aeches than the North American White, while sharing similar values with the peruvian Indians and the Japanese. (2)smaller incisors, larger premolars and molars in mesio-distal crown diameter compared with the North American White. This tendency was similar to that of the Peruvian Indians. (3)had smaller teeth in mesio-distal crown diameter than the Ancient Central American Indians.3. Occlusal relationship and intraoral diseases:The Modern Central American Indian showed: (1)good mesio-distal relationship between upper and lower molars in 70 percent of them. (2)higher incidence of dental caries and gingivitis compared with the Peruvian Indians. Less