NEW PHASE OF URBAN-RURAL RELATION IN THAILAND

本研究项目试图以泰国东部沿海地区当地中小城市农民工的工作和生活状况为研究对象，对泰国的城乡关系进行研究。研究城市以罗勇省克连市、春武里市为主要城市，以曼谷都市圈民武里市为比较案例。研究系列如下：(1)罗勇外来务工人员生活史，(2)春武里工厂工作条件，(3)春武里市外来务工人员社区生活，(4)邦禅工业聚落工厂工作条件，(5)郊区农村社区生活。罗勇的季节工大多在森林里从事木材运输。他们把自己组织成一个承包小组，负责运输特定种类的木材，这种弹性使他们比在个人基地更容易被招募到每天的工作中。地方小城市的非正规部门数量有限，与家乡的紧密联系使他们成为季节性的外出务工人员，而不是固定的城市居民。春武里的移徙劳工从事诸如废物回收者、小司机和小贩等非正规部门。在非正规部门和正规部门都有很多工作机会，因此外来务工人员更喜欢城市部门的工作而不是农村部门的工作，这与罗勇的外来务工人员的情况不同。然而，由于正规部门的较好机会通常由春武里本地人占据，因此移民不得不从事非正式工作。

This research project tries to study on the urban-rural relation in Thailand with special reference to migrant laborers' working and living conditions at local small and intermediate cities of Eastern Seaboard region. The research cites are Klaen City, Rayong Province, Chonburi City, Chonburi Province as the main ones and Minburi, Bangkok Meiropolis as the comparative case. The research series are as follows:(1) life history of migrant laborers in Rayong, (2) working conditions of factories in Chonburi, (3) community life of migrant laborers in Chonburi City, (4) working conditions of factories in Bangchan Industrial Settlement, (5) community life of a suburban rural village.Most of seasonal migrant laborers in Rayong are engaged in transporting woods in the forest. They organize themselves into the contract group of piece work to transport the particular kind of woods, and its elastisity makes them recruited in and out of the work daily easier than on the personal base. The limited amount of the informal sectors in a small local city as well as their strong tie with the home village make them the seasonal migrant laborer for their life instead of the settled urban inhabitant.Migrant laborers in Chonburi are engaged in such informal sectors as recyclers of waste articles, samlor drivers and vendors. There are so many chances to work in the informal sectors as well as in the formal sectors there, that migrants laborers prefer works of urban sectors to works of rural sectors, being different from the cases of migrant laborers in Rayong. Since the better chances in the formal sectors are generally occupied by the Chonburi natives, however, migrants have to be engaged rather in the informal jobs.