Development of Agriculture and Rural Settlements in the Drought Prone Areas of West India

西印度干旱易发地区的农业和农村住区发展

• 批准号: 63043050
• 负责人: FUJIWARA Kenzo
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Hiroshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Overseas Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63043050/
• 关键词: India; Rajasthan State; Drought Prone Area; Rural Development; Well Irrigation; Rain-fed Farming; Livestock Rearing; 土壌侵食

The geographical research project team have come to the following conclusion.1. All the first hand data and informations have been completely computerized so as to utilize as primary database system. This includes, statistical data concerning family composition, occupation. Land-holding and livestock rearing.2. Sandy red-yellowish soil, which has good physical condition, is distributed all around abhaneri village. If irrigation system is improved, agricultural productivity should be much increased. However, problem is lowering of groundwater level. This problem occurred just after the introducing of new pumping up irrigation system by electric motor or diesel engine. What is urgently needed is to figure out appropriate irrigation scheme and water resource management control system.3. Some upper class farmers lead in leveling up the agricultural productivities by well irrigation. However remaining marginal farmer, depends on rain-fed farming. Gujar, the emerging jati in agricultural productions, is improving their socio-economic status through the intensified land use by rearranging irrigation farm lands, together with mechanized farming system.4. Livestock rearing plays important role as a complementary sector for predominantly unstable rain-fed farming in this village. Milch cow has been recently increasing especially since 1970's. However, carrying capacity of these grazing pastures are extremely low. As small farmers are forced to collect wild grasses, some policy are urgently needed for securing ample grasses and prevention of soil erosion.5. Abhaneri village is considered to be Brahmin-dominated rural community. Many householders are working outside the village. They find their job in the local market town, 6Km away from the village. Some of them migrate to state capital Jaipur, and even to Delhi to secure additional incomes. Increasing number of lower caste villagers have tend to migrate outside the village.

地理研究项目组得出了以下结论1.所有第一手数据和信息都已完全电脑化，以便作为主要数据库系统使用。这包括有关家庭组成、职业的统计数据。土地占有和畜牧业。阿布哈内里村周围分布着物理条件较好的砂红黄壤。如果灌溉系统得到改善，农业生产率应该会大大提高。然而，问题是地下水位的下降。这一问题是在电机或柴油机引入新的泵送灌溉系统后出现的。当务之急是找出合适的灌溉方案和水资源管理控制制度。一些上层农民带头通过井灌提高了农业生产力。然而，剩下的边缘农民，依赖于雨水灌溉的农业。古贾尔是农业生产领域的新兴贾提人，通过重新整理灌溉农地和机械化耕作制度，通过集约利用土地来提高他们的社会经济地位。在这个村子里，畜牧业作为主要不稳定的雨水灌溉农业的补充部门，发挥着重要的作用。近年来，特别是自上世纪70年代S以来，奶牛的产奶量一直在增加，然而，这些牧场的载畜量极低。由于小农户被迫采集野草，迫切需要一些政策来确保充足的草和防止土壤侵蚀。Abhaneri村被认为是婆罗门人主导的农村社区。许多户主在村子外打工。他们在离村子6公里外的当地集镇找到了工作。他们中的一些人移居到邦首府斋浦尔，甚至是德里，以获得额外的收入。越来越多的低种姓村民倾向于迁出村庄。