Drivers and consequences of male care for young in a promiscuous primate

雄性灵长类动物照顾幼崽的驱动因素和后果

• 批准号: 515982111
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Julia Ostner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Primatengenetik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/515982111?language=en
• 关键词: Drivers; consequences; male; care; young

Evolutionary modelling and empirical evidence predict male care for young to be restricted to species with a high degree of paternity certainty, i.e. pair-bonded or monogamous species, as costs of care for males are alleviated in these situations. Consequently, the majority of studies on the evolution of male care focused on pair-living and monogamously mating species. Natural selection, however, will favour the evolution of male care even in promiscuous systems with low paternity certainty under specific circumstances. Male care may be selected if it functions as mating effort via mate attraction if caring males enjoy mating benefits when females base their mate choice on a male’s propensity to care, or as parenting effort if males channel care into their genetic progeny and male care enhances offspring quality and fitness. In the proposed project, we will in a promiscuous species of nonhuman primates (1) test the benefits in terms of increased mating and reproductive success that a male can reap from investing in young either via mating effort and mate attraction or via true paternal care for related young. Next, we will (2) investigate a potential tradeoff between male parenting and mating effort and a potential switch in the tactics as the relative payoffs from either effort may change across a male’s life span or with status changes. Finally, we will (3) crucially add to the research on male care by assessing the fitness consequence of care for the offspring in a promiscuous system. We address these aims by leveraging a large long-term data set on male care and sexual behavior, short- and long-term benefits of care for young (e.g. age at maturation, survival), and genetic data on relatedness collected since 2006 on our study populations of Assamese macaques living in their natural habitat in northeastern Thailand and characterized by a promiscuous mating system with low level of paternity certainty.

进化模型和经验证据预测，雄性对幼崽的照顾仅限于具有高度亲子关系确定性的物种，即配对或一夫一妻制的物种，因为在这些情况下，雄性的照顾成本会减轻。因此，大多数关于雄性护理进化的研究都集中在配对生活和一夫一妻制交配的物种上。然而，自然选择将有利于男性护理的进化，即使在特定情况下亲子关系确定性较低的混杂系统中也是如此。如果雄性照顾通过配偶吸引发挥交配努力的作用，如果当雌性根据雄性的照顾倾向来选择配偶时，有爱心的雄性享受交配利益，或者如果雄性将照顾传递给其遗传后代并且雄性照顾提高后代质量和健康，则可以选择作为养育努力。在拟议的项目中，我们将在非人类灵长类动物的杂乱物种中（1）测试雄性通过交配努力和交配吸引或通过对相关幼体真正的父爱照顾来投资幼体而获得的增加交配和繁殖成功率的好处。接下来，我们将（2）研究男性养育和交配努力之间的潜在权衡，以及策略上的潜在转变，因为这两种努力的相对回报可能会随着男性的一生或地位的变化而变化。最后，我们将（3）通过评估杂乱系统中照顾后代的适应性结果，对男性照顾的研究进行重要补充。为了实现这些目标，我们利用大量关于雄性护理和性行为的长期数据、照顾幼崽的短期和长期益处（例如成熟年龄、生存），以及自 2006 年以来收集的有关阿萨姆猕猴研究种群相关性的遗传数据，这些阿萨姆猕猴生活在泰国东北部的自然栖息地，其特征是混杂交配系统，亲子关系确定性较低。