A Study of Maheth Site in India -with priority given to city area-

在1997年的季节，我们在一个土丘上铺设了挖掘壕，这个土丘在当地被称为“印度教神庙土丘”，位于该遗址南部的西半部。挖掘结果显示，这座寺庙建于公元7世纪左右，属于印度教。1998年，在寺庙的西侧进行了一次挖掘工作，目的是确认寺庙与之前时期建筑之间的关系。挖掘显示，大约在公元前5世纪，这个地区开始有城市居住，并持续到公元4世纪。该地区城市居住的开始和衰落时间都比北部地区晚，表明城市的发展呈现出区域间的时间差异。在1999年的季节，对位于该遗址南部东半部的一个土丘进行了表面调查。从规模上看，该土丘被认为是皇宫，对了解城市结构具有重要意义。从过去三季的作品中可以看出，基地的南部与北部呈现出截然不同的城市发展图景。与遗址的南部相比，居住在遗址北部的时间要早一些，这表明城市居住从遗址的北部向遗址的南部扩展。相比之下，该遗址的南部直到公元4世纪或5世纪才有人居住，而该遗址的北部早在公元2世纪或3世纪就衰落了。这种在一个场地内不同区域居住过程的差异似乎对理解城市的发展过程具有重要意义。

In the season of 1997, we laid out excavation trenches over a mound called locally 'Hindu Temple Mound' which is located in the western half of the southern part of the site. As a result of the excavation, it was revealed that the temple, which belonged to Hinduism, was built around the 7th century AD.In the season of 1998, an excavation work was taken out on the western side of the temple, objective of which was to confirm the relationship between the temple and buildings of the preceding periods. The excavation revealed that the urban habitation started in this area around the 5th century BC, and continued to the 4th century AD. The period both of the beginning and decline of the urban habitation in this area were somewhat later than those of the northern area, indicating that the development of the city showed the temporal variation from area to area.In the season of 1999, a surface of survey was made over a mound which is located on the eastern half of the southern part of the site. This mound was supposed to be royal palace from its size, having significances in the understanding of the city-structure.As revealed by the work in the last three seasons, the southern part of the site shows a quite different picture of the urban development from northern part of the site. The habitation began in the northern part of the site in somewhat earlier period, compared to be southern part of the site, showing that the urban habitation expanded from the northern part of the site towards the southern part of the site. On contrast, the southern part of the site maintained its habitation until the 4th or 5the century AD, while the northern part of the site was declined as early as the 2nd century or 3rd century AD. This difference of the habitation process from area to area within a site seems to have significances in the understanding the process of development of the city.