Evaluation of Seismic Capacity of Existing Reinforced Concrete Structures in Turkey

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Rapid urbanization and industrialization cause serious structural problems in and around big metropolises. One of these big cities in the world is Istanbul that is located on a seismically active region of Anatolian peninsula.In TURKEY, it is common that the partitioning walls and external walls were made by hollow bricks with plaster finish in almost of all modern reinforced concrete buildings, and with few RC share walls. We have done micro-tremor measurements on more than 10 RC-buildings in ISTANBUL, including bear frame under construction for the purpose to know their dynamical characteristics, We have also take measurements on 10 buildings in DINAR and in ADANA, where have been damaged seriously to sever earthquakes.And we have examined Seismic Index Evaluation method on some buildings of them to estimate their strength and ductility.We have also investigated damage to buildings by the 1995 DINAR Earthquake, and the 1998 ADANA-CEYHAN Earthquake.Results of this investigation were given as under.1)Rigidities of the RC buildings in Turkey were quite different between bear frame and finished with hollow bricks and mortar.2)Predominant period of RC buildings will become very long after damaged by large ground motion compare with non-damaged structures.3)Ductility of RC frames were very poor compare with them in Japan.4)Quality of concrete was very poor too.5)Quality of works for reinforcement was not good, because lack of knowledge about arrangement of reinforcement.6)Walls made by Hollow bricks were very brittle, and never could sustain any axial force, then RC structures in Turkey have no redundancies to collapses of columns.We have to start improvement immediately, design methods and construction technique, strength, ductility, quality of concrete, technique of reinforcement arrangement, to avoid losing living space and lives at severe earthquake.