The Research on the Observation of Interpersonal Behavior of the Children in the fields of Clinical Pedagogy

1.我们尝试与临床医生一起观察正常儿童和临床儿童的自由人际行为。对于正常儿童，在一定条件下，每人在游戏室内与一名临床主治医师自由玩耍一次，由临床主治医师描述参与观察体验。对于临床儿童，主治医师从游戏治疗的总病例中选择一次治疗记录，并以同样的方式描述治疗经验。我们制作了57个项目的评价表，从多个方面全面了解儿童游戏和临床医生的经验。然后根据每个临床医生常填写的表格的描述，讨论观察的实际情况。在这一点上，我们注意到了对儿童和临床医生之间的二元性有重要影响的表达的原始性质，然后将它们与t…中的其他表达进行比较2.将评价表中的57个条目归结为三类，分别为“游戏的质量”、“原始表达对儿童和临床医生的影响”、“游戏的过程”，并将临床医生在原始表达中的状态分为三种不同的类型：“谐音”、“分声”、“分离”。然后对原语的分类进行了分析和讨论。从而通过从第三方的角度回顾这部剧的各个方面、儿童的面貌以及临床医生作为观察者的经历，加深了对儿童的理解和原始表达的意义，重新审视了儿童与临床医生之间的关系。这样，本研究对临床医生教育培训的有效性提出了建议，并通过详细的案例讨论，引导我们认识到原始表达在治疗中的意义，使我们在临床心理学领域获得了有意义的知识。我们重新发现了正常儿童和临床儿童的区别和共性，并从一致的角度对他们进行了比较，这表明我们有可能对儿童进行更有效和更全面的理解。通过以上研究，本研究使用的指标在临床心理学和临床教育学领域中对儿童的理解是有效的。较少

1. We have tried observation of unrestricted interpersonal behavior of normal and clinical children with clinicians. Concerning normal children, each of them played free for one session with a clinician in charge inside playroom under a certain condition, and the clinician him/herself described the participant-observation experience. Concerning clinical children, clinicians in charge selected records for one session from total cases of play therapy and described the session experience in the same way. We made a review form consisting of 57 items to have comprehensive understanding of children's play and of clinician's experience from multiple aspects. Then we discussed the actual states of the observation according to the description on the forms commonly filled by each clinician. At that point, we paid attention to the "primitive" quality of the expression which had critical impact on the dyadic between the children and the clinicians and then compared them with other expressions in t … More he play session.2 We put the 57 items of the review form together into three categories concerning "quality of the play" "effects of the primitive expression on the children and the clinicians" "process of the play", and evaluated to classify the state of the clinicians in the primitive expression into three different types, "Syntonic" "Distonic" "Dissociated". Then we analyzed and discussed classification of the primitive expression. Thus through reviewing the various aspects of the play, the appearance of the children, and the experience of the clinicians as observer from the standpoint of the third party, the understanding of children and the meaning of the primitive expression was furthered, and the relationship between the children and the clinicians was reexamined. In this way, the efficacy of this research for educational training of clinicians was suggested, and detailed case discussion led us to the significance of the primitive expression in therapy, giving us significant knowledge in the field of clinical psychology. Furthermore it suggested the possibility of more effective and synthetic understanding of children that we rediscovered both the difference and the commonality between normal and clinical children, comparing them mutually from a consistent viewpoint. Through all the above, the indices used in this research were confirmed to be effective in understanding of children in the area of clinical psychology and clinical pedagogy. Less