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Demography of eusocial insects

真社会性昆虫的人口统计学

基本信息

批准号：
09640757
负责人：
ITO Yosiaki
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
Okinawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09640757/
关键词：
Eusociality Social wasps Aphid soldiers Ropalidia Pseudoregma Demography Pleometrosis 血縁選択

项目摘要

Researches on the evolution of eusociality in insects have so far been limited to its ethological and genetical aspects, and only a few studies have been done on the ecological conditions which allowed evolution of eusociality. I have accumulated many data on population parameters of a eusocial wasp, Ropalidia fasciata, and a eusocial aphid, Pseudoregma bambucicola, partly by the grant-in-aid for scientific research (06640826). Using these data, and additional data obtained in the first year of this study, I attempted to clarify ecological and demographic conditions for production of sterile castes and establishment of multiqueen colonies. Main resutls are as follows :1.R.fasciata(1) Rate of nest failure was very high due to predation and typhoon, but the colonies had high ability to reconstruct their nests. Thus more than a half of colonies could produce reproductives.(2) Although almost all foundresses marked in spring died by the end of August, reproductives of the next year were produced after this time, suggesting that this species is, at least partly, bivoltine.(3) On Okinawa Honto, about a half of nests were established by multiple foundresses (pleometrosis). Larger the number of foundresses, higher the nest survivorship and reconstruction rate, and earlier the production of workers. This might be a reason of high rate of pleometrosis and polygyny in this species.(4) An English paper is now preparing. To hear opinions and advices on this study, an informal research report was printed and sent to researchers working on eusociality.2.P.bambucicolaField surveyps were made in Okinawa and Kagoshima, and demographic analysis of the data, including those taken before, have been carried out. The next step is preparation of English manuscript.

到目前为止，对昆虫优势性进化的研究仅限于其行为学和遗传学方面，对允许优势性进化的生态条件的研究很少。我积累了许多关于真群蜂(Ropalidia Fasciata)和真群蜂(Pseudoregma Bambuicola)的种群参数的数据，部分原因是科学研究补助金(06640826)。利用这些数据，以及在这项研究的第一年获得的额外数据，我试图澄清生产不育种姓和建立多女王群体的生态和人口条件。主要研究结果如下：(1)由于捕食和台风的影响，金丝雀的筑巢失败率很高，但它们具有很强的筑巢能力。因此，超过一半的蜂群可以产生繁殖。(2)尽管几乎所有在春季标记的雌鸟在8月底之前死亡，但第二年的繁殖物在这一时间之后产生，这表明该物种至少部分是二栖动物。(3)在冲绳洪鱼上，大约一半的巢是由多只雌鸟建立的(排卵症)。母鸡的数量越多，巢的存活率和重建率越高，工人的生产越早。这可能是该物种雌雄同体和一夫多妻制比率较高的原因。(4)一篇英文论文正在筹备中。为了听取对这项研究的意见和建议，印制了一份非正式的研究报告，并将其发送给从事生态社会工作的研究人员。2.竹子调查在冲绳和鹿儿岛进行了实地调查，并对数据进行了人口统计学分析，包括以前进行的数据。下一步是准备英文稿件。