Sterilization and sperm competition in insects with reference to pest control measures using reproductive behavior.

昆虫的绝育和精子竞争，参考利用生殖行为的害虫防治措施。

• 批准号: 63480040
• 负责人: ITO Yosiaki
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: Faculty of Agriculture, Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1988 至 1989
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-63480040/
• 关键词: Sterilization; Irradiation; Sperm competition; Melon fly; Electronic microscope; Sperm precedence; Remating suppression; Spermatogenesis

Method to count the number of sperm in spermathecae of the melon fly was established, and using this method, it was found that longevity of melon fly sperm in spermathecae is shorter than that of other insects so far known. Due to this short life span of sperm, precedence of last male's sperm for fertilization rise as duration between first and second copulations increases.Not only copulation with normal (unirradiated) males but also that with sterile (irradiated) males inhibits remating of females. It was shown that copulation with sperm-exhausted sterile males can inhibit remating of females; this is contrasting to case of Drosophila melanogaster, where existence of sperm in spermathecae is necessary to inhibit remating.Experiments also suggested that the inhibition of remating is a females strategy.Examinations of testis and spermathecae with an electronic microscope showed that gamma-ray irradiation at a dose which has been used for the melon fly eradication project induce not only dominant lethal mutation in sperm but also physiological and morphological damage to the notable fraction of the sperm; an important result for future development of sterile male technique to eradicate insect pests.

建立了对瓜实蝇精囊精子数进行计数的方法，并用该方法对瓜实蝇精子在精囊中的寿命进行了测定，发现瓜实蝇精子在精囊中的寿命比已知的其他昆虫短。由于精子的寿命很短，随着第一次和第二次交配之间持续时间的延长，最后一次受精的雄性精子优先受精。不仅与正常(未经辐射)的雄性交配，而且与不育(经辐射)的雄性交配也会抑制雌性的受精。结果表明，与耗尽精子的雄性交配可以抑制雌性的繁殖；这与果蝇的情况相反，在果蝇的受精囊中存在精子以抑制交配。实验还表明，抑制保留是雌性的一种策略。用电子显微镜对睾丸和受精囊的电子显微镜观察表明，用于消除瓜蝇计划的剂量的伽马射线不仅会诱导精子中显性致死突变，而且会对精子中显著部分的精子造成生理和形态上的损害；这对未来发展雄性不育技术以根除害虫是一个重要的结果。

项目成果

Kuba,H.and Ito,Y.: "Inhibition of female Dacus cucurbitae remating by copulation with normal and spermful or spermless sterile males."

Kuba,H. 和 Ito,Y.：“通过与正常且有精子或无精子的不育雄性交配来抑制雌性葫芦科植物再交配。”

Tsubaki,Y.and Yamagishi,M: "Longevity of sperm within the female in the melon fly Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett(Diptera:Tephritidae)" Journal of Insect Behavior(submitted).

Tsubaki, Y. 和 Yamagishi, M：“瓜蝇 Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett（双翅目：实蝇科）雌性精子的寿命”《昆虫行为杂志》（已提交）。

Tsubaki, Y. and Bunroongsook, S.: "Sexual competitive ability in mass-reared males and mate preference in wild females: Their effects on the eradication program of melon flies."

Tsubaki, Y. 和 Bunroongsook, S.：“大规模饲养的雄性的性竞争能力和野生雌性的交配偏好：它们对瓜蝇根除计划的影响。”

Ito,Y.and Yamagishi,M.: "Sperm competition in the melon fly,Dacus cucurbitae(Diptera:Tephritidae):Effecdts of siquential matings with normal and virgin or non-virging males." Applied Entomology and Zoology. 24. 466-477 (1989)

Ito, Y. 和 Yamagishi, M.：“瓜蝇，Dacus cucurbitae（双翅目：实蝇科）中的精子竞争：与正常和处女或非处女雄性连续交配的影响。”

桜井宏紀、白石礼子、伊藤嘉昭、照屋匡、武田亨: "ウリミバエの精子形成に対するガンマ-線照射の影響" 岐阜大学農学部研究報告. 54. 59-69 (1989)

Hiroki Sakurai、Reiko Shiraishi、Yoshiaki Ito、Tadashi Teruya、Toru Takeda：“伽马射线照射对果蝇精子发生的影响”岐阜大学农学院研究报告 54. 59-69 (1989)。